Science X Newsletter Thu, May 9

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for May 9, 2024:

Technology news

	Manganese sprinkled with iridium reduces need for rare metal without altering rate of green hydrogen production As the world is transitioning from a fossil fuel-based energy economy, many are betting on hydrogen to become the dominant energy currency. But producing "green" hydrogen without using fossil fuels is not yet possible on the scale we need because it requires iridium, a metal that is extremely rare.
	Robotic system feeds people with severe mobility limitations Cornell researchers have developed a robotic feeding system that uses computer vision, machine learning and multimodal sensing to safely feed people with severe mobility limitations, including those with spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis.
	A better way to control shape-shifting soft robots Imagine a slime-like robot that can seamlessly change its shape to squeeze through narrow spaces, which could be deployed inside the human body to remove an unwanted item.
	Controlling chaos using edge computing hardware: Digital twin models promise advances in computing Systems controlled by next-generation computing algorithms could give rise to better and more efficient machine learning products, a new study suggests.
	'Digital afterlife': Call for safeguards to prevent unwanted 'hauntings' by AI chatbots of dead loved ones Without design safety standards, artificial intelligence that allows users to hold text and voice conversations with lost loved ones runs the risk of causing psychological harm and even digitally "haunting" those left behind, according to University of Cambridge researchers.
	New study finds AI-generated empathy has its limits Conversational agents (CAs) such as Alexa and Siri are designed to answer questions, offer suggestions—and even display empathy. However, new research finds they do poorly compared to humans when interpreting and exploring a user's experience.
	Microsoft's Xbox is planning more cuts after studio closings The sudden closure of several video-game studios at Microsoft Corp.'s Xbox division was the result of a widespread cost-cutting initiative that still isn't finished.
	Opinion: OpenAI's content deal with Financial Times is an attempt to avoid legal challenges—and an AI 'data apocalypse' OpenAI's new "strategic partnership" and licensing agreement with the Financial Times (FT) follows similar deals between the US tech company and publishers such as Associated Press, German media giant Axel Springer and French newspaper Le Monde.
	AI companions can relieve loneliness: Here are four red flags to watch for in your chatbot 'friend' It's been seven years since the launch of Replika, an artificially intelligent chatbot designed to be a friend to human users. Despite early warnings about the dangers of such AI friends, interest in friendships and even romantic relationships with AI is on the rise.
	Why US offshore wind energy is struggling—the good, the bad and the opportunity America's first large-scale offshore wind farms began sending power to the Northeast in early 2024, but a wave of wind farm project cancellations and rising costs have left many people with doubts about the industry's future in the U.S.
	Prototype browser extension adds Wikipedia-like citations on YouTube to curb misinformation While Google has long been synonymous with search, people are increasingly seeking information directly through video platforms such as YouTube. Videos can be dense with information: text, audio, and image after image. Yet, each of these layers presents a potential source of error or deceit. When people search for videos directly on a site like YouTube, sussing out which videos are credible sources can be tricky.
	New tool pinpoints security fixes in open-source software updates Researchers have demonstrated a new tool that analyzes open-source software updates to specify which sections of code are being modified to address recently identified security vulnerabilities. The tool, called VFCFinder, should make it faster and easier for programmers to determine which security updates are necessary to prevent vulnerabilities without having to make unnecessary changes.
	Deep learning empowers reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in terahertz communication The escalating demand for wireless data traffic, driven by the proliferation of internet-of-things devices and broadband multimedia applications, has intensified the search for innovative solutions in wireless communication.
	First transatlantic sustainable aviation fuel flight saved 95 metric tons of CO₂, results show Findings from the Virgin Atlantic-led Flight100 project, which involved a consortium of experts from Imperial College London, University of Sheffield, Boeing, Rolls-Royce, BP, and others, show that Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is safe to use with existing infrastructure and can deliver significant reductions in CO2 emissions.
	Scientists uncover quantum-inspired vulnerabilities in neural networks In a recent study merging the fields of quantum physics and computer science, Dr. Jun-Jie Zhang and Prof. Deyu Meng have explored the vulnerabilities of neural networks through the lens of the uncertainty principle in physics.
	Q&A: Researcher discusses the importance of visualizing undersea fiber-optic cables The internet is kind of like drinking water, says UC Berkeley Professor Nicole Starosielski. Most of us don't think much about how it's delivered to our houses or wherever we need it, until we can't get it.
	Airbnb shares slide on lower revenue forecast despite a doubling of net income Airbnb's profit more than doubled last quarter, but management's disappointing revenue forecast sparked a roughly 7% drop fort its stock in after-market trading Wednesday.
	Judge grills Apple exec about whether company is defying order to enable more iPhone payment options A federal judge on Wednesday questioned whether Apple has set up a gauntlet of exasperating hurdles to discourage the use of alternative payment options in iPhone apps, despite a court order seeking to create more ways for consumers to pay for digital services.
	US forges new 'battery belt' in hopes of electric future Growing up, Devante Cuthbertson assumed he might have to leave his North Carolina hometown to pursue a career, but a new multi-billion-dollar Toyota battery plant is offering him a reason to stay put.
	iPad 'Crush' ad causes uproar amid AI anxiety An ad for the new iPad Pro caused an uproar Wednesday for showing an industrial-sized hydraulic press crushing objects linked to human creativity—such as a record player and trumpet—into a sleek tablet.
	US revokes some licenses for exports to China's Huawei The United States has revoked some export licenses that allowed companies such as US chip firm Qualcomm to supply Chinese tech giant Huawei, the Commerce Department confirmed on Wednesday.
	TikTok to start labeling AI-generated content as technology becomes more universal TikTok will begin labeling content created using artificial intelligence when it's uploaded from outside its own platform.
	How Duluth, Minnesota, is preparing for the EV future Nearly 33 million electric vehicles (EVs) nationwide—that is the number of vehicles the United States should be prepared to support through a national charging network by the year 2030, researchers at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) estimated in a recent study. Improving reliable, equitable, and widespread access to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in all communities will be critical to ensuring the continued success of the EV revolution.
	Degradation-adaptive neural network for jointly single image dehazing and desnowing In harsh winter scenes, the captured images often suffer from haze and snow degradations simultaneously, which significantly affect the performance of high-level computer vision tasks. Most existing restoration methods are either specialized to address only one type of weather-related degradation, or have a heavy number of parameters.

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