Science X Newsletter Fri, Dec 15

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for December 15, 2023:

Technology news

	A borate-pyran-based electrolyte that minimizes corrosion in Li-metal batteries Electrolytes are key battery components that transfer charge carrying particles (i.e., ions) back and forth between two electrodes, ultimately allowing batteries to repeatedly charge and discharge. Engineering and identifying promising electrolytes can help to improve the performance and properties of batteries, allowing them to better support the needs of the electronics industry.
	Full-day, solar-powered, bidirectional thermoregulatory clothing that can respond to changing temperatures A team of engineers, materials scientists and chemists at Nankai University, in China, has developed a microfiber-based meta-fabric that provides full-day thermoregulation of body temperature during periods of changing external temperatures.
	A means for searching for new solutions in mathematics and computer science using an LLM and an evaluator A team of computer scientists at Google's DeepMind project in the U.K., working with a colleague from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and another from Université de Lyon, has developed a computer program that combines a pretrained large language model (LLM) with an automated "evaluator" to produce solutions to problems in the form of computer code.
	Research team develops analog hardware solution for real-time compressed sensing recovery in one step A research team led by Prof. Sun Zhong at Peking University has reported an analog hardware solution for real-time compressed sensing recovery. It has been published as an article titled, "In-memory analog solution of compressed sensing recovery in one step" in Science Advances.
	Study identifies performance, economic and environmental tradeoffs involved in turning plants into jet fuel Every year, airplanes crisscrossing U.S. skies burn 23 billion gallons of fuel, leaving contrails and 8% of the nation's transportation-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in their wake. A recent study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences by researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and Sandia National Laboratories reveals which crop-based feedstocks offer the greatest potential for a plentiful, cost-competitive, renewable alternative to petroleum-based jet fuel, while also maximizing atmospheric carbon removal. The scientists conducted the research for the Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), a DOE Bioenergy Research Center managed by Berkeley Lab.
	Image recognition accuracy: An unseen challenge confounding today's AI Imagine you are scrolling through the photos on your phone and you come across an image that at first you can't recognize. It looks like maybe something fuzzy on the couch; could it be a pillow or a coat? After a couple of seconds it clicks—of course! That ball of fluff is your friend's cat, Mocha. While some of your photos could be understood in an instant, why was this cat photo much more difficult?
	What is Storm-1152, alleged top creator of fake Microsoft accounts? Microsoft has seized the websites of a Vietnam-based group it alleges sold millions of fake accounts to cybercriminals who used them for ransomware attacks, identity theft and other scams around the world.
	To provide reliable water in a warming world, cities are testing small-scale treatment systems and wastewater recycling A lot can go wrong in a large urban water system. Pumps malfunction. Valves break. Pipes leak. Even when the system is functioning properly, water can sit in pipes for long periods of time. Water shortages are also a growing problem in a warming world, as communities across the Southwestern U.S. and in many developing nations are discovering.
	Robots are becoming human helpers on the factory floor New machines can improve conditions for workers and boost industrial productivity.
	Google's Gemini: Is the new AI model really better than ChatGPT? Google Deepmind has recently announced Gemini, its new AI model to compete with OpenAI's ChatGPT. While both models are examples of "generative AI," which learn to find patterns of input training information to generate new data (pictures, words or other media), ChatGPT is a large language model (LLM) which focuses on producing text.
	UK's new Hinkley nuclear plant reaches milestone The UK's planned Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant reached a major milestone on Friday, with the installation of a steel dome that will cover its first reactor building, operator EDF said.
	Artificial intelligence for digital marketing A study in the International Journal of Business Information Systems has looked at the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on digital marketing. The researchers provide a pragmatic view of the future of this area of marketing and focus on what they describe as the tangible benefits offered by AI solutions.
	From 'open skies' to 'slot-hoarding': The turbulent world of aviation laws explained Despite national and state border closures during the pandemic, the global aviation market has been growing steadily since 1995, at nearly twice the rate of global GDP each year.
	Novel method for uranium extraction from wastewater also generates electricity In a new study published in the journal Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, researchers from Northwestern Polytechnical University introduced a revolutionary SMEC method for uranium recovery from wastewater. This innovative technique not only efficiently extracts uranium but also generates electrical energy, offering a more sustainable and less complex alternative to traditional extraction methods that are often hindered by biotoxicity.
	Strategies to limit redox electrolyte-enhanced carbon-based supercapacitor self-discharge The efficient storage of clean energy is a critical component to achieving carbon neutrality. Capacitors are devices that store energy by separating positive and negative electrical charge, and supercapacitors (SC) are capacitors that can store and release large amounts of energy. A specialized supercapacitor, called a redox electrolyte-enhanced SC (RE-SC), places liquid redox electrolytes, a source of ions that can be electrically charged, next to a carbon-based electrical conductor, or electrode, to achieve high energy storage density and power output.
	Using AI to pinpoint hidden sources of clean energy underground As efforts to transition away from fossil fuels strengthen the hunt for new sources of low-carbon energy, scientists have developed a deep learning model to scan the Earth for surface expressions of subsurface reservoirs of naturally occurring free hydrogen.
	Large sequence models for sequential decision-making Transformer architectures have facilitated the development of large-scale and general-purpose sequence models for prediction tasks in natural language processing and computer vision, for example, GPT-3 and Swin Transformer.
	Turkish Airlines announces order for 220 additional aircraft from Airbus Turkey's national carrier, Turkish Airlines, said Friday that it is placing an order for 220 new planes from Airbus as it seeks to expand its fleet.
	Guidelines around a new tax credit for sustainable aviation fuel is issued by Treasury Department Long-awaited guidance around tax credits for aviation fuel that reduces emissions of greenhouse gases compared with conventional fuel was issued Friday by the Treasury Department.
	UK's iconic King's College Chapel gets controversial solar makeover High above the historic streets of Cambridge in eastern England, the installation of solar panels atop King's College Chapel, the world-famous university's most recognizable landmark, has stirred excitement—and controversy.

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