Science X Newsletter Thu, Dec 7

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for December 7, 2023:

Technology news

	Using machine learning to monitor driver 'workload' could help improve road safety Researchers have developed an adaptable algorithm that could improve road safety by predicting when drivers are able to safely interact with in-vehicle systems or receive messages, such as traffic alerts, incoming calls or driving directions.
	Adding a flexible spine and tail makes mouse robot more nimble A team of roboticists at Technical University of Munich, in Germany, working with a colleague from Sun Yat-sen University, in China, has improved the nimbleness of a quadruped robot by adding a flexible spine and tail. The group has reported on their project in the journal Science Robotics.
	Training algorithm breaks barriers to deep physical neural networks EPFL researchers have developed an algorithm to train an analog neural network just as accurately as a digital one, enabling the development of more efficient alternatives to power-hungry deep learning hardware.
	Plant-inspired liquid metal actuators unlock new potential for flexible robotics A research team led by Prof. Tian Xingyou and Prof. Zhang Xian from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS) of the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) have utilized liquid metal to construct Liquid metal/Polyimide/Polytetrafluoroethylene (LM/PI/PTFE) programmable photothermal actuators based on asymmetric thermal expansion.
	ChatGPT often won't defend its answers, even when it is right: Study finds weakness in large language models' reasoning ChatGPT may do an impressive job at correctly answering complex questions, but a new study suggests it may be absurdly easy to convince the AI chatbot that it's in the wrong.
	Automated system teaches users when to collaborate with an AI assistant Artificial intelligence models that pick out patterns in images can often do so better than human eyes—but not always. If a radiologist is using an AI model to help her determine whether a patient's X-rays show signs of pneumonia, when should she trust the model's advice and when should she ignore it?
	Software DJ creates automated pop song mashups Song mashups are a staple of many DJs, who mix the vocals and instrumentals from two or more tracks into a seamless blend, creating a new and exciting final product. While the result is fun to listen to, the creation process can often be challenging, requiring knowledge and expertise to select the right tracks and mash them together perfectly.
	Lawsuit says Meta exposes children to exploitation The US state of New Mexico filed a lawsuit Wednesday accusing Facebook and Instagram of being a "breeding ground" for predators who target children.
	EU to resume negotiations on world's first AI law on Friday The European Union failed to clinch a deal Thursday on a sweeping law on artificial intelligence after nearly 24 hours of negotiations, but vowed to continue talks the next day.
	Technology is stealing your time in ways you may not realize. What you can do about it Technology is supposed to make our lives easier. Smart phones provide a palm-size window to the world, enabling us to do almost anything at the touch of a button. Smart homes look after themselves, and virtual meetings mean that for many, time spent commuting is a thing of the past.
	Video: NASA, Moog humming along on air taxi noise tests Air taxis hold the promise to revolutionize air transportation. NASA is working to make this vision a reality, collaborating with industry to reduce aircraft noise in our communities.
	Service bots turn off customers even when they work as well as humans, study shows People seem to have little fondness for consumer service bots—so much so that even when an interaction with one is equal in speed and efficiency to that with a human, customers will still report dissatisfaction with the bot.
	Study proposes real-time permittivity estimation method for stepped-frequency ground-penetrating radar Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has long been a pivotal tool in estimating the permittivity of various mediums. An important technique used in this estimation is the radar echo amplitude method, which crucially derives permittivity magnitude from the correlation between reflection coefficients and permittivity.
	How ChatGPT could help first responders during natural disasters A little over a year since its launch, ChatGPT's abilities are well known. The machine learning model can write a decent college-level essay and hold a conversation in an almost human-like way.
	A modified flower pollination algorithm for wind power generation Improvements to the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) have been made to enhance the way in which we harvest wind energy for electricity generation. Details are published in the International Journal of Automation and Control.
	Is Alexa sexist? Yes, says study University of Waterloo professor and Canada Research Chair in Technology and Social Change Dr. Lai-Tze Fan analyzed hundreds of Amazon's virtual assistant Alexa's voice-driven skills. Dr. Fan's goal was to better understand how the encoded technology mirrors and reinforces traditionally feminized labor and sociocultural expectations.
	Interoperability is the name of the game in the future of traffic, says researcher An F-35 fighter plane has 8 million lines of code. A modern car, by comparison, has hundreds of millions of lines of code. The car is on its way to becoming an even more demanding software platform than the cell phone, says Tero Päivärinta, professor of Empirical Software Engineering at the University of Oulu, Finland.
	Examining the energy footprint of architecture built by oil The six Middle East countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council are located in one of the harshest places on the planet. Temperatures on hot summer days can top 50°C. Access to water in these desert lands is also challenging.
	Meta makes end-to-end encryption a default on Facebook Messenger Meta is rolling out end-to-end encryption for calls and messages across its Facebook and Messenger platforms, the company announced Thursday.
	Toyota teaming with Cirba Solutions to expand battery recycling network Toyota Motor North America is teaming with battery recycling materials and management company Cirba Solutions to expanding its battery recycling network.
	Epic Games, Lego join forces for latest 'Fortnite' game Toy giant Lego and videogame leader Epic Games joined forces Thursday to launch "Lego Fortnite" in a bid to grow a platform already used by hundreds of millions of people.
	New open-source platform cuts costs for running AI Cornell researchers have released a new, open-source platform called Cascade that can run artificial intelligence (AI) models in a way that slashes expenses and energy costs while dramatically improving performance.
	Saddling up cryptosystems for a quantum showdown A lone ranger riding off into the sunset might say something sage and vague, such as "a man is only as good as his word." But these gritty prophets never said anything about verifying a man's—or anyone else's—word in the wild frontiers of the digital or quantum era.
	Computer scientists introduce a new method to reduce the size of multilingual language models Multilingual language models, or MLMs, are machine learning models that can predict, generate, and extract text from more than one language. They're useful for cross-lingual communication, translation, and more—but tend to work best when they're only focused on a few languages.
	Helping ensure a water supply without electricity In India, access to irrigation is a major problem. Punit Singh, Associate Professor at the Centre for Sustainable Technologies (CST), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), has been working on a solution to address this irrigation scarcity for the past ten years in Chhattisgarh.
	Researchers develop method that boosts performance of moderation models on live platforms Twitch. Some see it as a fun online community of gamers and good-natured e-sports fandom. For others, it's a perilous stream of potentially toxic content and hate speech.
	Bitzlato founder pleads guilty to running 'criminal' US crypto exchange The Russian founder of the Bitzlato cryptocurrency exchange pleaded guilty on Wednesday to operating a money transfer business that accepted illicit funds.
	Bitcoin rally shines spotlight on investor risks A much-anticipated US approval of wider bitcoin trading has helped the world's biggest cryptocurrency reach 20-month heights, risking however pain for new investors unaccustomed to its volatility.
	Noam Chomsky turns 95: The social justice advocate paved the way for AI. Does it keep him up at night? Noam Chomsky, the revered and reviled genius once famously described as "the most important intellectual alive", turned 95 Dec. 6. He is a monumental figure in modern linguistics, and only a slightly lesser deity in psychology, philosophy and political activism.
	COP28: Turning the tap off slowly. Why Australia's decision to end overseas fossil fuel finance matters Until recently, financing fossil fuel projects has been relatively easy.
	Navigating the energy transition: A call to consider the citizen perspective A wind turbine near your home? The energy transition is not seen as just by all parties concerned. It's essential to involve local residents, argues Emma ter Mors, social psychologist. As a researcher, she focuses on identifying factors that influence public acceptance of energy technologies. Isn't participation sometimes an empty formality?
	New circular economy roadmap reveals how to reduce plastic waste in India A roadmap to significantly reduce plastic waste in India has been released today, with CSIRO collaborating with The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Development Alternatives, the University of New South Wales, and the University of Technology Sydney's Institute for Sustainable Futures.

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