Science X Newsletter Tue, Mar 19

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for March 19, 2024:

Technology news

	Self-organizing robotic aggregate design inspired by flowing and rigid behaviors of sandpiles Researchers at the University of Chicago and the Illinois Institute of Technology recently developed Granulobot, a new modular robotic system that can change its physical shape to best navigate different environments.
	Researchers develop brain-inspired wireless system to gather data from salt-sized sensors Tiny chips may equal a big breakthrough for a team of scientists led by Brown University engineers. Writing in Nature Electronics, the research team describes a novel approach for a wireless communication network that can efficiently transmit, receive and decode data from thousands of microelectronic chips that are each no larger than a grain of salt.
	Researchers report efficiency breakthrough for narrow-bandgap perovskite cells A research team, led by Professor Sung-Yeon Jang in the School of Energy and Chemical Engineering at UNIST has achieved a significant advancement in solar cell technology. Through a collaborative effort with Professor Sang Kyu Kwak and his team at Korea University, the researchers have developed a technology that greatly enhances the efficiency of solar cell devices by integrating tin–lead halide perovskites (TLHPs) photoactive layers with quantum dot layers.
	Machine learning, quantum computing may transform health care, including diagnosing pneumonia Pneumonia, an infection in the lungs that causes difficulty breathing, is most commonly diagnosed through chest X-rays. Typically, those chest X-rays are read by radiologists, but workforce shortages mean that in the future, it could be harder to get a diagnosis in a timely manner.
	Apple's MM1: A multimodal LLM model capable of interpreting both images and text data A team of computer scientists and engineers at Apple has developed an LLM model that the company claims can interpret both images and data. The group has posted a paper to the arXiv preprint server describing their new MM1 family of multimodal models and test results.
	Researchers develop bendable energy storage materials Imagine being able to wear your smartphone on your wrist, not as a watch, but literally as a flexible band that surrounds around your arm. How about clothes that charge your gadgets just by wearing them?
	Artificial nanofluidic synapses can store computational memory Memory, or the ability to store information in a readily accessible way, is an essential operation in computers and human brains. A key difference is that while brain information processing involves performing computations directly on stored data, computers shuttle data back and forth between a memory unit and a central processing unit (CPU). This inefficient separation (the von Neumann bottleneck) contributes to the rising energy cost of computers.
	'Matryoshka doll' structures provide solution for next-generation miniaturized filter capacitors A research team led by Prof. Meng Guowen and Prof. Han Fangming from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with Prof. Wei Bingqing from the University of Delaware, miniaturized line-filtering capacitors with "matryoshka doll" structure electrodes, providing a high-performance and space-saving solution for line-filtering applications.
	Researchers reveal roadmap for AI innovation in brain and language learning One of the hallmarks of humanity is language, but now, powerful new artificial intelligence tools also compose poetry, write songs, and have extensive conversations with human users. Tools like ChatGPT and Gemini are widely available at the tap of a button—but just how smart are these AIs?
	Novel material for perovskite solar cells can improve their stability and efficiency A team of chemists from Kaunas University of Technology (KTU), Lithuania, developed a new material for perovskite solar cells. After polymerization, it can be used as a hole transporting layer in both regular and inverted architecture solar cells; in both cases, the solar elements constructed have better power conversion efficiencies and operational stability.
	Spotify paid $9 billion in royalties in 2023. Here's what fueled the growth Spotify paid out $9 billion in streaming royalties last year, the streaming giant said Tuesday in its latest "Loud and Clear" report.
	AI titan Nvidia ramps up collaboration with Chinese auto giants Nvidia on Monday announced a major expansion of its collaboration with world-leading BYD and other Chinese electric car makers, including on the development of autonomous AI-boosted vehicles.
	Nvidia unveils higher performing 'superchips' Nvidia on Monday unveiled its latest family of chips for powering artificial intelligence, as it seeks to consolidate its position as the major supplier to the AI frenzy.
	An AI robot is spotting sick tulips to slow the spread of disease through Dutch bulb fields Theo works weekdays, weekends and nights and never complains about a sore spine despite performing hour upon hour of what, for a regular farm hand, would be backbreaking labor checking Dutch tulip fields for sick flowers.
	Using 'time travel' to think about technology from the perspective of future generations The world approaches an environmental tipping point, and our decisions now regarding energy, resources, and the environment will have profound consequences for the future. Despite this, most sustainable thought tends to be limited to the viewpoint of current generations.
	What'll happen when Facebook stops paying for news? Here's what happened when radio stopped paying for music Why are musicians so keen to get played on the radio?
	The 'digital divide' is already hurting people's quality of life. Will AI make it better or worse? Today, almost a quarter of Australians are digitally excluded. This means they miss out on the social, educational and economic benefits online connectivity provides.
	As the US government and record labels go after TikTok, musicians get the squeeze For much of the year, TikTok has been on the defensive.
	Researchers find new dimensions in decades-old strength test John Dolbow, professor of mechanical engineering and materials science at Duke University and Oscar Lopez-Pamies, professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, have collaborated on computational fracture mechanics to understand better and predict material failure. Their work has been published in the Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids.
	Building fairness into AI is crucial, and hard to get right Artificial intelligence's capacity to process and analyze vast amounts of data has revolutionized decision-making processes, making operations in health care, finance, criminal justice and other sectors of society more efficient and, in many instances, more effective.
	Renault CEO urges 'Marshall Plan' for Europe electric vehicles The chief executive of French automaker Renault called Tuesday for a European "Marshall Plan" to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles and reduce carbon emissions in the face of Chinese competition.
	Q&A: What you need to know about audio deepfakes Audio deepfakes have had a recent bout of bad press after an AI-generated robocall purporting to be the voice of Joe Biden hit up New Hampshire residents, urging them not to cast ballots. Meanwhile, spear-phishers—phishing campaigns that target a specific person or group, especially using information known to be of interest to the target—go fishing for money, and actors aim to preserve their audio likeness.
	Philips looks to AI as seeks to turn the page on defective respirators Medical device manufacturer Philips is betting on innovation as artificial intelligence (AI) transforms the health care industry, its chief executive told AFP in an interview on Tuesday, as the company looks to turn the page on a massive recall of defective sleep respirators.
	A advance in solid-state electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries: Twice the quality with streamlined processes Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) has reached a significant milestone with a study published in Energy Storage Materials, marking a crucial stride toward the commercialization of all-solid-state batteries, free from the inherent risks of explosion and fire.
	UnitedHealth says it has made progress on recovering from a massive cyberattack UnitedHealth is testing the last major system it must restore from last month's Change Healthcare cyberattack, but it has no date yet for finishing the recovery.
	Images taken deep inside melted Fukushima reactor show damage, but leave many questions unanswered Images taken by miniature drones from deep inside a badly damaged reactor at the Fukushima nuclear plant show displaced control equipment and misshapen materials but leave many questions unanswered, underscoring the daunting task of decommissioning the plant.
	Exploring biomimetic curved artificial compound eyes As one of the most successful eye designs in the animal kingdom, natural compound eyes (NCEs) have attracted significant research attention in replicating the anatomical configuration to form biomimetic curved artificial compound eyes (BCACEs).
	Reduced risk of PEMFC flooding by gas diffusion media hydrophobic gradient Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) are typically powered by polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electricity and produce water in the cathode.

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