Science X Newsletter Tue, Mar 5

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for March 5, 2024:

Technology news

	Atlas of internet surveillance maps ownership of network infrastructures worldwide A German-American research team led by the University of Konstanz has mapped the ownership of network infrastructures in democratic and authoritarian states worldwide to show how autocrats control the internet via state-owned service providers.
	Researchers invent new triple-junction tandem solar cells with world-record efficiency Scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have developed a novel triple-junction perovskite/Si tandem solar cell that can achieve a certified world-record power conversion efficiency of 27.1% across a solar energy absorption area of 1 sq cm, representing the best-performing triple-junction perovskite/Si tandem solar cell thus far. To achieve this, the team engineered a new cyanate-integrated perovskite solar cell that is stable and energy efficient.
	Smart optimization paves the way for improved silicon solar cell performance In the face of the ever-growing threat of climate change, the past few decades have witnessed great progress in solar energy technology. In particular, silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells have become a hot topic in this field since they can reach very high energy conversion efficiencies.
	Deep learning tool may help cut emissions caused by air resistance Deep learning tools have revolutionized aerodynamic engineering for planes, cars and ships, enabling these vehicles to be more fuel efficient and structurally refined. A new computational model pushes the science of reproducing airflow further yet, by relying on neural network architecture to generate accurate predictions while saving time, cost and energy.
	Engineers collaborate with ChatGPT4 to design brain-inspired chips Johns Hopkins electrical and computer engineers are pioneering a new approach to creating neural network chips—neuromorphic accelerators that could power energy-efficient, real-time machine intelligence for next-generation embodied systems like autonomous vehicles and robots.
	One Tech Tip: Change these settings on X to limit calls and hide your IP address Elon Musk's social media platform X has made audio and video calling capabilities available to all users, not just those with paid accounts. But a privacy issue has emerged from the rollout.
	Uber Eats starts robot deliveries in Tokyo "Caution: robot!" chirps the green self-driving delivery vehicle as it trundles down the street to a pork cutlet restaurant in Tokyo to pick up a meal ordered on Uber Eats.
	Five things to know about the EU's landmark digital act The world's biggest digital companies will be forced to comply from Thursday with strict EU rules that Brussels hopes will make the online market fairer for all.
	Supercharged EU armed—at last—to take on tech titans Clamping down harder and faster on abuses of power by the world's biggest digital companies: such is the promise of the European Union's new legal arsenal, which comes into full force from Thursday.
	Bezos dethrones Musk to reclaim title of world's richest man Amazon founder Jeff Bezos took back his spot as the world's richest man on Monday, dethroning Elon Musk on the Bloomberg Billionaires Index.
	Nintendo wins battle against piracy software company A company that was sued by Nintendo for creating software that allowed the mass pirating of video games agreed Monday to pay the "Super Mario" maker $2.4 million in damages and shutter the tool.
	Next-gen printed flexible solar cells launched into space State-of-the-art printed flexible solar cell technology developed by Australia's national science agency, CSIRO, was successfully launched into space today (March 5) aboard Australia's largest private satellite, Optimus-1, on Space X's Transporter-10 mission.
	Apple's $2 billion fine heralds a new antitrust dawn Another day, another multibillion-dollar regulatory fine from Europe that will barely dent the balance sheet of a technology giant. Only this time the European Commission's $2 billion penalty against Apple Inc. marks the end of an old, clunky era, and the start of a new one where trust-busters can be quicker and more efficient in policing Silicon Valley's biggest companies. Their secret weapon: a new law called the Digital Markets Act (DMA). It finally comes into force on March 6, when six companies designated as "gatekeepers" will have to comply with its 22 rules.
	Microsoft Ignite conference returns to Chicago in November after 9-year hiatus Nearly a decade after holding its first Microsoft Ignite event in Chicago—and then abruptly pulling up stakes for other cities—the software giant's annual information technology conference is coming back to McCormick Place in November.
	Korean researchers achieve local production of electron beam welding system Dr. Han Seong-Tae's team at KERI's Industry Applications Research Division has developed the core technology of "electron guns," the heart of "electron beam welders," which had been dependent on imports for more than 99%.
	Review examines improvements in organic solar cell stability The development of renewable and clean energy has been recognized as a crucial solution to the problems of deteriorating environment. Owing to the advantages of light weight, transparency, flexibility, and low cost, organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted increasing attention in the field of clean solar energy.
	Google's Gemini showcases more powerful technology, but we're still not close to superhuman AI In December 2023, Google announced the launch of its new large language model (LLM) named Gemini. Gemini now provides the artificial intelligence (AI) foundations of Google products; it is also a direct rival to OpenAI's GPT-4.
	Counterexamples to completeness of major algorithms in distributed constraint optimization problem Researchers from University of Tsukuba have presented counterexamples to assumed key properties of Asynchronous Distributed OPTimization (ADOPT) and its successor algorithms. ADOPT is a well-known algorithm for solving distributed constraint optimization problems.
	Researchers develop model for cost-effective and environmentally friendly pulp and paper industry Aerobic treatment of industrial wastewater from the pulp and paper industry is the most expensive treatment step in the purification process. New research published in Environmental Technology & Innovation shows how the purification of wastewater from pulp manufacturing can be made more energy efficient by predicting the oxygen-transfer rate and thereby enabling a way to regulate the aeration.
	Innovative electricity system balancing tool helps keep Britain's lights on A new cutting-edge tool developed in collaboration with researchers from the University of Strathclyde is helping to revolutionize the real-time balancing of Britain's electricity network.
	Quantum computing will radically alter the application of copyright law, study says Quantum computing will radically transform the application of the law—challenging long-held notions of copyright, a new study says.
	Using generative AI to improve software testing Generative AI is getting plenty of attention for its ability to create text and images. But those media represent only a fraction of the data that proliferate in our society today. Data are generated every time a patient goes through a medical system, a storm impacts a flight, or a person interacts with a software application.
	MH370 disappearance 10 years on: Can we still find it? It has been 10 years since Malaysia Airlines passenger flight MH370 disappeared on March 8 2014. To this day it remains one of the biggest aviation mysteries globally.
	Meta suffers global Facebook, Instagram outage Meta suffered a highly unusual outage of all its social media platforms on Tuesday with users of Facebook, Instagram and Threads locked out of their accounts.
	Dodge muscle cars live on with new versions of the Charger powered by electricity or gasoline America's muscle car culture is adapting to the new world of electric vehicles, but the gasoline-powered high-performance road beasts will be around for at least a few more years.
	New type of voice assistant for production works according to the rules of AI ethics In the future, an intelligent voice assistant will be able to help people in production, even with complex problems. The COALA system relies on the trustworthy use of artificial intelligence and can support the work, training and knowledge transfer of employees via smartphone or tablet and can reduce costs and time. The COALA R&D project comprises 14 partners from five nations. In Germany, BIBA—Bremer Institut für Produktion und Logistik and the Institute of Technology and Education (ITB) at the University of Bremen were involved.
	Researchers surprised by gender stereotypes in ChatGPT A DTU student has analyzed ChatGPT and revealed that the online service is extremely stereotypical when it comes to gender roles. The analysis is the first step toward providing AI developers with a tool for testing against all types of discriminatory bias.
	Ammonia-powered engines: A path to cleaner and more efficient transportation While the transportation sector has witnessed a dramatic shift toward electric vehicles (EVs), the idea of using hydrogen as a clean and efficient fuel for transportation has been explored for many decades. These vehicles emit water on combustion, and since they are based on the production of existing engine vehicles, they are expected to have a lower manufacturing carbon footprint than EVs.
	The many faces of a zinc anode: Configurations can make a difference in performance Sometimes the solution to a problem can be as simple as changing the way the components are structured. Researchers have proposed a reconfiguration of zinc anodes, a component of renewable energy sources, to help improve the battery and reduce the reliance society has on fossil fuels. The potential that different configurations of a zinc anode can have could reduce costs and side reactions while increasing the safety of the rechargeable zinc metal battery (RZMB) and, of course, improve its "green" rating.
	Ex-Twitter execs sue Musk for unpaid severance Former top executives of Twitter sued Elon Musk on Monday saying he has failed to pay them nearly $130 million after the billionaire took over the social media company and dismissed them.
	Tesla German plant halts production after sabotage claimed by far-left group Tesla halted production at its German factory Tuesday after power lines supplying the electric carmaker's only European plant were set on fire in an act of sabotage claimed by a far-left group.
	US imposes sanctions on spyware group members US authorities announced sanctions Tuesday on parties associated with Intellexa Consortium, citing their role in making and distributing commercial spyware used to target US officials, journalists and others.

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