Science X Newsletter Mon, Jan 22

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 22, 2024:

Technology news

	A cation replacement method to realize highly performing electrolytes for multivalent metal batteries As the use of electric and hybrid vehicles increases in many countries worldwide, the development of safe and better-performing battery technologies becomes increasingly crucial. Most notably, engineers have been trying to increase the safety and energy capacity of batteries while also ensuring their scalability and slowing down their degradation over time.
	A pure water-fed membrane-electrode-assembly system for electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide The sustainably powered, electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) into useful chemicals and feedstock could help to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, allowing industries to reuse released CO2 in beneficial ways. Most of the strategies for realizing this introduced so far, however, have notable limitations, including a poor stability over long periods of time.
	Faulty machine translations litter the web Near the end of the last century, Bill Gates saw the prospect of unifying citizens of nearly 200 countries, speaking more than 7,000 languages, coming together in common dialogue through the suddenly burgeoning web community.
	A soft swimming robot without wires or batteries that can test for contaminants A team of biomedical engineers and roboticists affiliated with multiple institutions across China has developed a type of small, soft robot that can swim through water and test for contaminants. In their paper published in the journal Science Advances, the team notes that the robot can be powered and controlled using radio waves.
	Implementing artificial neural network hardware systems by stacking them like 'neuron-synapse-neuron' structural blocks With the emergence of new industries such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and machine learning, the world's leading companies are focusing on developing next-generation artificial intelligence semiconductors that can process vast amounts of data while consuming energy efficiently.
	New sustainable method for creating organic semiconductors Researchers at Linköping University, Sweden, have developed a new, more environmentally friendly way to create conductive inks for use in organic electronics such as solar cells, artificial neurons, and soft sensors. The findings, published in the journal Nature Communications, pave the way for future sustainable technology.
	Biomechanics model that shows how humans efficiently walk at varied speeds could pave way for new robotics We typically don't think about it while doing it, but walking is a complicated task. Controlled by our nervous system, our bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments and other connective tissues (i.e., the musculoskeletal system) must move in coordination and respond to unexpected changes or disturbances at varying speeds in a highly efficient manner. Replicating this in robotic technologies is no small feat.
	Researchers unlock energy-efficient solution to global water crisis Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering achieved a major breakthrough in Redox Flow Desalination (RFD), an emerging electrochemical technique that can turn seawater into potable drinking water and also store affordable renewable energy.
	'Electronic skin' continuously monitors nine markers that indicate a stress response In the latest of a series of innovative designs for wearable sensors that use sweat to identify and measure physiological conditions, Caltech's Wei Gao, assistant professor of medical engineering, has devised an "electronic skin" that continuously monitors nine different markers that characterize a stress response.
	New candidate for universal memory is fast, low-power, stable and long-lasting We are tasking our computers with processing ever-increasing amounts of data to speed up drug discovery, improve weather and climate predictions, train artificial intelligence, and much more. To keep up with this demand, we need faster, more energy-efficient computer memory than ever before.
	Researchers investigate strange transient responses of organic electrochemical transistors Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs) are a highly sought-after class of materials for non-conventional applications, such as bioelectronics, neuromorphic computing, and bio-fuel cells, due to their two-in-one electronic and ionic conduction properties.
	Scientists advance affordable, sustainable solution for flat-panel displays and wearable tech A research team led by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) has developed "supramolecular ink," a new technology for use in OLED (organic light-emitting diode) displays or other electronic devices. Made of inexpensive, Earth-abundant elements instead of costly scarce metals, supramolecular ink could enable more affordable and environmentally sustainable flat-panel screens and electronic devices.
	Researchers develop new green technology for producing hydrogen using renewable energy A group of researchers from the Technion Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering has presented a new technology for producing green hydrogen using renewable energy. Their breakthrough was recently published in Nature Materials.
	Injectable water filtration system could improve access to clean drinking water More than 2 billion people, approximately a quarter of the world's population, lack access to clean drinking water. A new, portable and affordable water filtration solution created by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin aims to change that.
	Fast-charging lithium battery seeks to eliminate 'range anxiety' A team in Cornell Engineering has created a new lithium battery that can charge in under five minutes—faster than any such battery on the market—while maintaining stable performance over extended cycles of charging and discharging.
	AI learns to simulate how trees grow and shape in response to their environments A research team from Purdue University's Department of Computer Science and Institute for Digital Forestry, with collaborator Sören Pirk at Kiel University in Germany, has discovered that artificial intelligence can simulate tree growth and shape.
	Face recognition technology follows a long analog history of surveillance and control based on physical features American Amara Majeed was accused of terrorism by the Sri Lankan police in 2019. Robert Williams was arrested outside his house in Detroit and detained in jail for 18 hours for allegedly stealing watches in 2020. Randal Reid spent six days in jail in 2022 for supposedly using stolen credit cards in a state he'd never even visited.
	Mac at 40: User experience was the innovation that launched a technology revolution Technology innovation requires solving hard technical problems, right? Well, yes. And no. As the Apple Macintosh turns 40, what began as Apple prioritizing the squishy concept of "user experience" in its 1984 flagship product is, today, clearly vindicated by its blockbuster products since.
	Sony 'terminates' Indian merger with Zee Sony "terminated" on Monday the $10-billion merger of its Indian operations with local rival Zee Entertainment that would have created a new streaming giant in the world's most populous nation.
	Fit at 40: the revolutionary Apple Mac in numbers Forty years ago Steve Jobs revolutionized personal computing by launching the Apple Macintosh, the first PC with a user-friendly mouse and graphical interface that helped the machines enter the everyday lives of people for the first time.
	Mac computers could ride AI wave or be left behind Forty years after igniting a PC revolution, Apple's Mac is stronger than ever and could reach new glory due to AI computing—or be left behind.
	How plagiarism-detection programs became an unlikely political weapon The plagiarism accusations first struck Claudine Gay when a right-wing activist published several examples of unattributed text from the Harvard president's academic writings. Though insufficient attribution wasn't the only controversy swirling around Gay—her response to congressional questions about antisemitism on campus played a much bigger role—it was the tipping point that forced her resignation this month.
	OpenAI bans bot impersonating US presidential candidate ChatGPT creator OpenAI removed a bot impersonating a longshot US presidential candidate's voice, enforcing limits on how political campaigns can use its AI capabilities.
	Researchers unveil new way to counter mobile phone 'account takeover' attacks Computer science researchers have developed a new way to identify security weaknesses that leave people vulnerable to account takeover attacks, where a hacker gains unauthorized access to online accounts.
	Q&A: Why the US doesn't yet have 'high-speed' rail, and why that could soon change Recent investments in rail infrastructure has some asking: Are we witnessing the arrival of high-speed rail, heralding a long-awaited shift away from vehicle emissions toward eco-friendly mass transit?
	Hybrid machine learning method boosts resolution of electrical impedance tomography Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-destructive imaging technique used to visualize the interior of materials. In this method, an electric current is injected between two electrodes, creating an electric field, and other electrodes measure distortions caused by the presence of foreign objects inside the material.
	Dungeons, dragons and environmental justice: Games teach kids climate action Lil Milagro Henriquez recognizes the power of using imagination to create change. As the executive director and founder of the Mycelium Youth Network (MYN), a climate resilience organization in Oakland, California, Henriquez has found a unique way to teach youth about the environment and climate justice through gameplay.
	University campus buildings can offer testing sites for energy efficiency, flexibility innovations The way buildings consume energy will continue to undergo massive upheavals in the next decade to adapt to electricity decarbonization efforts and the accompanying electrical grid changes. Improving building energy efficiency and flexibility—which account for three-fourths of electricity consumption and one-third of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States—offers an opportunity to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emission goals.
	Microsoft says state-backed Russian hackers accessed emails of senior leadership team members State-backed Russian hackers broke into Microsoft's corporate email system and accessed the accounts of members of the company's leadership team, as well as those of employees on its cybersecurity and legal teams, the company said Friday.
	Wanted crypto boss Do Kwon's Terraform files for US bankruptcy South Korean entrepreneur Do Kwon's Terraform Labs, whose cryptocurrencies crashed dramatically in 2022, is seeking bankruptcy protection in the United States, according to court documents filed Sunday.
	Federal officials recommend that airlines inspect door plugs on some older Boeing jets as well The Federal Aviation Administration recommends that airlines inspect the door plugs on certain Boeing 737s that are older than the Max 9 jetliner that suffered a blowout of a similar panel during a flight this month.

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