Science X Newsletter Wed, Jan 17

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 17, 2024:

Technology news

	The solution space of the spherical negative perceptron model is star-shaped, researchers find Recent numerical studies investigating neural networks have found that solutions typically found by modern machine learning algorithms lie in complex extended regions of the loss landscape. In these regions, zero-energy paths between pairs of distant solutions can be established.
	Using AI to develop a battery that uses less lithium A team of AI researchers at Microsoft working with colleagues from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has used AI to develop a battery that uses less lithium. Together, they have published a paper describing their work on the arXiv preprint server.
	New tech addresses augmented reality's privacy problem An emergency room doctor using augmented reality could save precious seconds by quickly checking a patient's vitals or records. But the doctor could also unintentionally pull information for someone else in the room, breaching privacy and health care laws.
	Smart devices' ambient light sensors pose imaging privacy risk In George Orwell's novel "1984," Big Brother watches citizens through two-way, TV-like telescreens to surveil citizens without any cameras. In a similar fashion, our current smart devices contain ambient light sensors, which open the door to a different threat: Hackers.
	Artificial 'power plants' harness energy from wind and rain Fake plants are moving into the 21st century. Researchers developed literal "power plants"—tiny, leaf-shaped generators that create electricity from a blowing breeze or falling raindrops—and described them in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. The team tested the energy harvesters by incorporating them into artificial plants.
	Stratospheric safety standards: How aviation could steer regulation of AI in health What is the likelihood of dying in a plane crash? According to a 2022 report released by the International Air Transport Association, the industry fatality risk is 0.11. In other words, on average, a person would need to take a flight every day for 25,214 years to have a 100 percent chance of experiencing a fatal accident. Long touted as one of the safest modes of transportation, the highly regulated aviation industry has MIT scientists thinking that it may hold the key to regulating artificial intelligence in health care.
	Google eliminates hundreds of jobs in ad team tweak Google on Tuesday confirmed it is eliminating "a few hundred" positions from its global ad team, amid a push to use artificial intelligence for efficiency and creativity.
	Your fingerprint is actually 3D—research into holograms could improve forensic fingerprint analysis When you use your fingerprint to unlock your smartphone, your phone is looking at a two-dimensional pattern to determine whether it's the correct fingerprint before it unlocks for you. But the imprint your finger leaves on the surface of the button is actually a 3D structure called a fingermark.
	How to prevent America's aging buildings from collapsing: Four high-profile disasters send a warning Four recent catastrophic building collapses and a near miss are raising concerns about the state of America's aging buildings and questions about who, if anyone, is checking their safety.
	Design and implementation of railway green performance basic data collection system Railway transportation plays a crucial role in China's comprehensive transportation system. In 2020, the China National Railway Group issued the "Outline of Railway Leading Planning for Building a Transport Power in the New Era," clearly stating the goal of completing a national railway network of approximately 200,000 kilometers and a high-speed railway network of about 70,000 kilometers by 2035.
	Algorithm offers encryption boost for cross-border e-commerce Writing in the International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, a team from China has revealed a novel approach to boost privacy for cross-border e-commerce users. Na Wang, Feng Gao, and Ji Zhang of Changchun University of Architecture and Civil Engineering in Changchun introduce an encryption algorithm based on social network analysis. The new approach could help users remain secure when transferring sensitive information during international transactions.
	Researchers create framework for large-scale geospatial exploration When combating complex problems like illegal poaching and human trafficking, efficient yet broad geospatial search tools can provide critical assistance in finding and stopping the activity. A visual active search (VAS) framework for geospatial exploration developed by researchers in the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis uses a novel visual reasoning model and aerial imagery to learn how to search for objects more effectively.
	Samsung vies to make AI more mainstream by baking in more of the technology in its new Galaxy phones Smartphones could get much smarter this year as the next wave of artificial intelligence seeps into the devices that accompany people almost everywhere they go.
	Researchers release solar power data software to increase clean energy generation A lot can happen to solar panels that are mounted on a roof—from tree branches casting shade over them to a neighbor's baseball cracking one.
	A non-proliferation solution: Using antineutrinos to surveil nuclear reactors Nuclear power constitutes an essential source of energy in many countries worldwide, including France, U.S., China, and Japan, among others. While nuclear power plants have less environmental impact than coal power plants with regards to climate change, the technology employed in them can be used for undesirable purposes, namely the production of materials for nuclear weapons.
	Apple hit again with US ban in watch patent feud A federal appeals court on Wednesday ordered Apple to halt the US sale of its latest smartwatch models in a feud over patents with health company Masimo.
	Frigid weather can cut electric vehicle range and make charging tough. Here's what you need to know For nearly a week, frigid temperatures from Chicago to northern Texas have made life painful for electric-vehicle owners, with reduced driving range and hours of waiting at charging stations.
	Trade barriers can slow energy transition: IEA chief Trade barriers can slow the world's energy transition but commerce also needs to be fair, International Energy Agency chief Fatih Birol said Wednesday, as world powers tussle over the technologies key to fighting climate change.
	Amazon doubles down on live sports in US rights deal Amazon is investing in US local TV network Diamond Sports Group, a major sports rights holder as the streaming giants push further into offering live sport.
	Electrostatic generator to produce renewable energy from flexible structures To shapeshift into the yoga pose called "destroyer of the universe," a human must gumby a leg behind their neck to point their toes directly at the sky. For non-gumbys, that feat might seem superhuman or even metahuman—is that a person or a pretzel? Now, an ultraflexible metamaterial could perform equally super feats to generate clean energy from the abundant but often overlooked energy that vibrates through our world.

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