Science X Newsletter Wed, Jan 10

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 10, 2024:

Technology news

	A new method to develop recyclable, organic and flexible electronics The electronics industry has been in continuous development over the past decades, leading to the development, fabrication and sale of a broad range of consumer devices. In recent years, many engineers have been focusing their efforts on flexible electronics that can be used to create wearable devices, such as smartwatches, earbuds, fitness trackers, and even smart jewelry, and electronic implants for medical applications.
	AI discovers that not every fingerprint is unique From "Law and Order" to "CSI," not to mention real life, investigators have used fingerprints as the gold standard for linking criminals to a crime. But if a perpetrator leaves prints from different fingers in two different crime scenes, these scenes are very difficult to link, and the trace can go cold.
	Scientists identify security flaw in AI query models UC Riverside computer scientists have identified a security flaw in vision language artificial intelligence (AI) models that can allow bad actors to use AI for nefarious purposes, such as obtaining instructions on how to make bomb.
	Tactile lithophane development makes hard scientific data available to students with blindness A first-of-its-kind tactile learning device developed by Baylor University chemistry professors to make science accessible to students with blindness or low vision (BLV) has opened the possibility of the transfer of any scientific data or images for sighted students into functional, thorough formats for students with blindness. The work is published in the journal Science Advances.
	AI helps whittle down candidates for hydrogen carriers in liquid form from billions to about 40 In a computational study leveraging artificial intelligence (AI), scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have assessed 160 billion molecules, a number exceeding the people born in the entire span of human history. Their goal was to screen the molecules for suitability as liquid carriers of hydrogen.
	Integrating dimensions to get more out of Moore's Law and advance electronics Moore's Law, a fundamental scaling principle for electronic devices, forecasts that the number of transistors on a chip will double every two years, ensuring more computing power—but a limit exists.
	CES 2024 updates: Car companies unveil new tech and Robert Downey Jr. targets scammers Welcome to opening day of CES 2024. This multi-day trade event put on by the Consumer Technology Association is expected to bring some 130,000 attendees and more than 4,000 exhibitors to Las Vegas. The latest advances and gadgets across personal tech, transportation, health care, sustainability and more will be on display, with burgeoning uses of artificial intelligence almost everywhere you look.
	SEC chair denies a bitcoin ETF has been approved, says account on X was 'compromised' The Securities and Exchange Commission said Tuesday that a post sent from the agency's account on the social platform X announcing the approval of a long-awaited bitcoin exchange-traded fund was "unauthorized," and that the agency's account had been "compromised."
	Hydrogen energy back in the vehicle conversation at CES 2024 While electric vehicles are gaining the lion's share of the attention for carbon-neutral technology at CES 2024, hydrogen energy has snuck its way back into the conversation thanks to two automotive giants.
	CES pet tech: Throw a dog a bone—or an AI collar They don't own smartphones and can't go online, but that doesn't prevent them from being connected: Pets are benefitting from a slew of animal-oriented technology at this year's Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.
	At CES tech show, seeking robots neither too human nor too machine With big, expressive eyes, elfin ears and adorable cooing, Miroka and Miroki could be an apparition from your favorite cartoon.
	Actors can start selling AI voice clones to game companies under new deal Recording new voice-overs without speaking a word. For a busy voice actor, it might sound like a dream—unless that actor is worried about artificial intelligence being used to devalue her work and make hiring her unnecessary.
	AI-powered misinformation is the world's biggest short-term threat, Davos report says False and misleading information supercharged with cutting-edge artificial intelligence that threatens to erode democracy and polarize society is the top immediate risk to the global economy, the World Economic Forum said in a report Wednesday.
	For consumers shopping for an EV, new rules mean fewer models qualify for a tax credit U.S. consumers looking to get a tax credit on an electric vehicle purchase have fewer models to choose from under new rules that limit the countries where automakers can buy battery parts and minerals—a potential blow to efforts to reduce planet-warming emissions from autos.
	China says state-backed experts crack Apple's AirDrop Chinese state-backed experts have found a way to identify people who use Apple's encrypted AirDrop messaging service, according to the Beijing municipal government.
	From besting Tetris AI to epic speedruns—inside gaming's most thrilling feats After 13-year-old Willis Gibson became the first human to beat the original Nintendo version of Tetris, he dedicated his special win to his father, who passed away in December 2023.
	Small-scale solar has key benefits, and one critical weakness, over large solar farms A new study shows size matters in solar energy. The first ever life-cycle analysis comparing big and small solar photovoltaic systems has concluded that small-scale solar systems are in fact better for the environment than even the largest, and most efficient, solar farm.
	At CES 2024, tech companies are transforming the kitchen with AI and robots that do the cooking Chef-like robots, AI-powered appliances and other high-tech kitchen gadgets are holding out the promise that humans don't need to cook—or mix drinks—for themselves anymore.
	Research enhances stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells A research team has achieved notable advancements in the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells. Their work not only paves the way for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but also offers significant potential in green hydrogen production technology, ensuring long-term operation with high efficiency. The study has been published in Advanced Energy Materials.
	Q&A: Language models—a guide for the perplexed Language models have, somewhat surreptitiously, dominated news for the last year. Often called "artificial intelligence," these systems underlie chatbots like ChatGPT and Google Bard.
	Psychological profiling study finds that language-based AI models have hidden morals and values Just like humans, AI-based large-language models have characteristics such as morals and values. However, these are not always transparent. Researchers of the University of Mannheim and GESIS—Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences have now analyzed how the settings of the language models can be made visible and have examined the consequences these prejudices might have on society.
	CES 2024 updates: The most interesting news and gadgets from tech's big show Welcome to CES 2024. This multi-day trade event put on by the Consumer Technology Association is expected to bring some 130,000 attendees and more than 4,000 exhibitors to Las Vegas. The latest advances and gadgets across personal tech, transportation, health care, sustainability and more will be on display, with burgeoning uses of artificial intelligence almost everywhere you look.
	Novel railway point switching technology, inspired by aircraft control systems Researchers from the University of Birmingham, U.K., are working on Repoint, a new cutting-edge railway switch (points) technology to improve upon the traditional design, which has been in use for over 200 years.
	Lithuanian researchers recycle surgical masks for hydrogen-rich gas production During the COVID-19 pandemic, thousands of tons of used surgical masks were dumped every month without a real vision to manage them. Although the world has successfully passed the critical period, a serious industrial eco-solution must be developed to deal with this waste.
	Why are pedestrian traffic fatalities climbing in the US and not the rest of the world? Between 1980 and 2010, the number of pedestrians killed in traffic dropped steadily in the United States. Then, that trend reversed. In fact, pedestrian traffic deaths reached a 40-year high in the United States in 2022.
	Testing automated crack-detection methods for concrete An EPFL Master's student in civil engineering has evaluated the effectiveness of new computer-based methods for inspecting potentially dangerous cracks in concrete.
	An AI model to predict parking availability In the ever-changing landscape of smart city innovation, researchers have introduced the Residual Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Neural Network (RST-GCNN), which could help users find an on-street parking space more efficiently. The work is published in the International Journal of Sensor Networks.
	Hydropower is global. Should hydropower research be, too? When Dany Tome first arrived at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) campus in Golden, Colorado, he did not notice the golden grasses waving from the hillsides or the solar panels set in neat, geometric rows atop parking structures and gullies.
	The Achilles' heel of artificial intelligence: Why discrimination remains an unresolved problem A recent study by the DHBW Stuttgart at the Service Management Study Center (ZMM) investigates the ability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to recognize discriminatory content in images and advertisements, showing both impressive progress as well as existing limitations.
	Beyond cotton and polyester: Evaluating emerging feedstocks and conversion methods for the fashion industry The global population has grown to exceed 8 billion, and the demand for textiles has increased with it. Common synthetic fibers like polyester can be manufactured quickly and cheaply, but their negative environmental impacts are becoming increasingly concerning. Although a natural and biodegradable fiber, cotton requires sizable land and water use, which also stresses the environment.
	Architectures, opportunities and challenges of internet-of-batteries for electric vehicles A paper describing the architectures, opportunities, and challenges of the internet-for-batteries (IoB) was published in the journal Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation.
	AI predicts the strength of a composite reinforced with titanium carbide and bromide after processing Metal matrix composites are a modern alternative to steel. They are molecular-reinforced materials, which consist of a metal reinforcement matrix and filler. Such composites can be further strengthened, for example, using titanium monobromide or titanium carbide.
	Mathematicians compare machine learning models for forecasting 5G and 6G traffic 5G and 6G networks must take into account the load and adapt resource consumption at every moment. To do this, they need to track current indicators and be able to predict them. This is how services will make decisions about dividing the network into slices and balancing the load. Typically, machine learning models are used for prediction.
	Measurement technique sheds new light on semiconductors for solar fuels Scientists are advancing the use of semiconductors to convert sunlight into renewable energy. In solar cells, semiconductors convert sunlight into electricity. When brought into direct contact with water, semiconductors can instead use sunlight to convert water into hydrogen, a carbon-free fuel. The energy output from the semiconductor is given by its photovoltage.
	Walmart experiments with AI to enhance customers' shopping experiences Walmart has unveiled plans to dive further into the world of artificial intelligence—and drones—to improve its customers' shopping experiences.
	Investigation into why a panel blew off a Boeing Max 9 jet focuses on missing bolts The extended grounding of some Boeing 737 Max jetliners is adding to pressure on Boeing and the subcontractor that made the fuselage and installed a panel that blew out leaving a gaping hole in an Alaska Airlines plane last week.
	Game on: UK campus looks to turbocharge esports Rows of super-powerful computers fill a classroom in northeast England, their LED-lit keyboards, mice and headsets washing the space in a futuristic blue glow.
	Walmart to blanket Dallas-FW with drone deliveries covering 1.8 million households Walmart says drone deliveries are no longer a futuristic idea: Let the baby wipes and forgotten birthday candles fall from the sky. Walmart will have the ability to make drone deliveries with its partners Wing and Zipline to 75% of Dallas-Fort Worth by the end of this year, Walmart CEO Doug McMillon said.
	Japan's nuclear safety agency orders power plant operator to study the impact of Jan. 1 quake Japan's nuclear safety regulators have told the operator of a nuclear power plant in the area hit by a powerful New Year's Day quake to study its potential impact.
	Music streams hit 4 trillion in 2023. Country and global acts—and Taylor Swift—fueled the growth Listened to more music last year? You're not alone.
	Hewlett Packard Enterprise buying Juniper Networks in deal valued at about $14 billion Hewlett Packard Enterprise is buying Juniper Networks in an all-cash deal valued at about $14 billion, which is anticipated to double HPE's networking business.
	Amazon's Twitch cuts more than 500 jobs attempting to turn expensive platform profitable Twitch, the video game streaming platform acquired by Amazon a decade ago for close to $1 billion, is laying off more than 500 employees as the company tries to turn the tremendously expensive division profitable.
	Amazon cutting several hundred positions across Prime Video and MGM Studios unit Amazon is cutting several hundred positions across its Prime Video and MGM Studios unit.
	Japan tech firm Fujitsu in firing line over UK Post Office scandal A Japanese technology giant is in the crosshairs of British lawmakers for building the faulty accounting software that led to what has been called the country's biggest ever miscarriage of justice.
	Boeing probing 'what broke down' in latest incident: CEO Boeing is still in fact-finding mode following Friday's near-catastrophic aviation incident, searching for "what broke down" in its processes, Chief Executive Dave Calhoun said Wednesday.
	Research on deep-energy retrofits yields promising cost savings, human well-being outcomes Modifying and upgrading building enclosures and mechanical systems in older, multi-family apartment buildings can achieve net-zero energy-use efficiencies and help inhabitants lower energy costs, breathe better air and live more comfortably—changes that have wide application for state and national climate-change efforts, a multidisciplinary team of faculty and student researchers has demonstrated.
	Three strategies to boost green electricity in Switzerland Switzerland's ambitious green electricity targets are realistic. A new study by the SWEET EDGE consortium shows that three distinct strategies would make it possible to cover electricity needs and lead to the employment of several thousands of people in the sector of new renewable energy. The findings are published in the journal Applied Energy.
	Alaska Airlines cancels flights on certain Boeing planes through Saturday for mandatory inspections Alaska Airlines is canceling through Saturday all flights on Boeing 737 Max 9 planes like the one that suffered an in-flight blowout of a fuselage panel last week as it waits for new instructions from Boeing and federal officials on how to inspect the fleet.

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