Science X Newsletter Thu, Jan 25

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 25, 2024:

Technology news

	A method for extracting iron from aluminum production waste A team of metallurgists in Germany has developed a technique for extracting iron from aluminum production waste. In their paper published in the journal Nature, the group outlines their process and its degree of efficiency. Chenna Rao Borra, with the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, has published a News and Views piece in the same journal issue outlining the work by the team on this new effort.
	Advanced full-color image sensor technology enables simultaneous energy harvesting and imaging Organic-based optoelectronic technology is increasingly recognized as an energy-efficient solution for low-power indoor electronics and wireless IoT sensors. This is largely due to its superior flexibility and light weight compared to conventional silicon-based devices. Notably, organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and organic photodetectors (OPDs) are leading examples in this field.
	Researchers demonstrate rapid 3D printing with liquid metal MIT researchers have developed an additive manufacturing technique that can print rapidly with liquid metal, producing large-scale parts such as table legs and chair frames in a matter of minutes.
	Permeable pavements could reduce salmon-killing tire pollutants The pore-like structure of permeable pavements may help protect coho salmon by preventing tire wear particles and related contaminants from entering stormwater runoff, according to a Washington State University study.
	Programming light propagation creates highly efficient neural networks Current artificial intelligence models utilize billions of trainable parameters to achieve challenging tasks. However, this large number of parameters comes with a hefty cost. Training and deploying these huge models require immense memory space and computing capability that can only be provided by hangar-sized data centers in processes that consume energy equivalent to the electricity needs of midsized cities.
	Tesla 4Q earnings fall short of analyst estimates as company warns of lower sales growth this year Tesla's net income more than doubled last quarter thanks to a big one-time tax benefit, but it warned of "notably lower" sales growth this year.
	HP Enterprise discloses hack by suspected state-backed Russian hackers Hewlett Packard Enterprise disclosed Wednesday that suspected state-backed Russian hackers broke into its cloud-based email system and stole data from cybersecurity and other employees.
	Memory chip giant SK Hynix returns to profit on strong AI demand The world's second-largest memory chip maker, South Korea's SK Hynix, said on Thursday it had returned to profit after four consecutive quarters of losses driven by demand for chips used in artificial intelligence.
	From Japan to the world: how to translate a game Behind the global success of Japanese video games lies a delicate task: appealing to overseas players whose expectations on issues such as sexism are increasingly influencing the content of major titles.
	Clean energy largest driver of Chinese GDP growth in 2023: Report Clean-energy projects were the largest driver of China's economic growth in 2023, with Beijing investing nearly as much in decarbonization infrastructure as total global investment in fossil fuels, according to a report released Thursday.
	How To Tech: Why it's important to turn on Apple's new Stolen Device Protection You're in a crowded bar when a thief watches you unlock your iPhone with your passcode, then swipes it. That sinking feeling hits when you realize it's gone, along with priceless photos, important files, passwords on banking apps and other vital parts of your digital life.
	Just how climate-friendly are timber buildings? It's complicated The number of people living in urban areas around the world will swell by upwards of 2 billion over the next three decades. Many of those people will need new homes. But building those with conventional materials would unleash a gusher of carbon dioxide: Concrete, steel, glass and bricks for construction make up a combined 9% of global CO2 emissions, according to research by the United Nations Environment Program.
	Development of real-time trace hydrogen gas leakage via a novel terahertz-wave optical platform Hydrogen gas is the smallest and lightest of all known molecules, and its colorless and odorless nature makes it easy to leak. Also, when concentrated above 4% in a confined space, it poses a risk of ignition or explosion.
	How to protect your data privacy: Expert provides steps you can take and explains why you can't go it alone Perfect safety is no more possible online than it is when driving on a crowded road with strangers or walking alone through a city at night. Like roads and cities, the internet's dangers arise from choices society has made. To enjoy the freedom of cars comes with the risk of accidents; to have the pleasures of a city full of unexpected encounters means some of those encounters can harm you. To have an open internet means people can always find ways to hurt each other.
	Microsoft lays off 1,900 employees in its gaming division following Activision Blizzard buyout Microsoft is laying off about 1,900 employees in its gaming division, according to an internal company memo, just over three months since the tech giant completed its $69 billion purchase of video game maker Activision Blizzard.
	Could a court really order the destruction of ChatGPT? The New York Times thinks so, and it may be right On Dec. 27, 2023, The New York Times filed a lawsuit against OpenAI alleging that the company committed willful copyright infringement through its generative AI tool ChatGPT. The Times claimed both that ChatGPT was unlawfully trained on vast amounts of text from its articles and that ChatGPT's output contained language directly taken from its articles.
	Researchers enhance safety of lithium batteries with graft polymerization technique Lithium-ion batteries are a widely used class of rechargeable batteries in today's world. One of the processes that can hamper the functioning of these batteries is an internal short circuit caused by direct contact between the cathode and anode (the conductors that complete the circuit within a battery).
	Climate change will require more cooling for Honolulu multifamily buildings Multifamily buildings in Honolulu without air conditioning will become increasingly warmer in the decades to come with "comfort levels" dropping by 42% by 2080 without interventions.
	Predicting the energy balance algorithmically A team in Turkey has tested different machine-learning algorithms for predicting electricity demand from different sources. They trained the algorithms on electricity demand data for the period 2000–2022 and used them to successfully make predictions for 2023 with differing degrees of accuracy.
	Psycho-acoustic simulations: Virtual noise assessment for passenger jet of the future Aircraft noise is often a nuisance for people living near airports and in flight paths—and, in the worst case, a health hazard, from sleep disorders to cardiovascular diseases. According to a report by the European Environment Agency, about 4 million people in Europe were exposed to excessive levels of aircraft noise in 2017.
	How extreme weather and system aging affect the US photovoltaic fleet For photovoltaic (PV) systems—designed to operate over lifetimes of 20, 30, or even 50 years—small losses in energy production can add up to measurable differences over time. These differences can even determine whether a system operates at a profit or loss. Yet, small changes in energy production are frustratingly difficult to measure, especially in the noisy and often incomplete data of a PV system's production.
	Focusing on how energy is consumed—rather than supplied—could be more helpful in reducing carbon emissions A new commentary, published in Joule by members of the Energy Demand Changes Induced by Technological and Social Innovations (EDITS) network, coordinated by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), highlights that switching the focus from how energy is supplied to how energy is consumed can be a more effective approach to reducing carbon emissions with the added benefit of improving well-being for all.
	Innovative stormwater solution unveiled to tackle record rainfall in Denmark Denmark faced unprecedented rainfall in 2023, breaking historical records and posing ongoing challenges with stormwater and flooding of streets and basements. Rather than resorting to expanding CO2-intensive concrete sewer networks to handle runoff, Professor Marina Bergen Jensen from the University of Copenhagen proposes to manage stormwater at its source and treat it as a valuable resource.
	FTC opens inquiry into Big Tech's partnerships with leading AI startups U.S. antitrust enforcers are opening an inquiry into the relationships between leading artificial intelligence startups such as ChatGPT-maker OpenAI and the tech giants that have invested billions of dollars into them.
	Apple will open iPhone to alternative app stores, lower fees in Europe to comply with regulations Apple has unveiled a sweeping plan to tear down some of the competitive barriers that it has built around its lucrative iPhone franchise, but the new choices opening up to consumers and app developers will only be available within Europe to start.
	Meta beefs up teen defenses at Instagram and Messenger Meta on Thursday began blocking messages from strangers sent directly to young teens using Instagram or Messenger.
	'We don't hit women': How Yakuza differs from GTA The "Yakuza" gangster series has long been seen as a Japanese "Grand Theft Auto" but Masayoshi Yokoyama, one of the main designers of the hugely successful games, dismisses any such comparison.
	US approves inspection program to return Boeing 737 MAX to service US regulators approved a detailed inspection framework that would allow the return to service of Boeing 737 MAX planes grounded after an emergency landing earlier this month, officials said Wednesday.
	GM bets on e-vehicles with $1.4 bn investment in Brazil General Motors said Wednesday it will invest seven billion reais (more than $1.4 billion) in Brazil in the next five years to develop electric vehicle production in Latin America's biggest economy.
	Nokia sees 'challenging' 2024 after profits plunge Finnish telecommunications equipment maker Nokia warned Thursday that it expects another tough economic environment in the first half of this year after its net profit sank in 2023.
	Stellantis acquires startup's AI tech for in-vehicle software platform Stellantis NV has acquired artificial intelligence and machine learning technology, intellectual property rights and patents from U.K.-based CloudMade to enhance its in-vehicle experience.
	Alaska Airlines says the grounding of some Boeing planes will cost the airline $150 million Alaska Airlines said Thursday that the grounding of its Boeing 737 Max 9 jetliners will reduce full-year profit by $150 million and slow down the airline's planned growth.
	Pokemon to 'investigate' Palworld over copycat claims The Pokemon Company warned on Thursday it plans to investigate reports that the new hit video game "Palworld" violates the intellectual copyright of its iconic franchise.
	Temu is planning to open up its marketplace to U.S. and European sellers Temu, the online retailer owned by the parent of Chinese e-commerce company Pinduoduo, is opening its platform to U.S. and European sellers.
	Russian sentenced to five years in prison for Trickbot malware A Russian man has been sentenced to more than five years in prison for his involvement in developing the Trickbot malware used to extort businesses, including hospitals during the COVID pandemic, the US Justice Department said Thursday.

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