Science X Newsletter Wed, Jan 3

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 3, 2024:

Technology news

	Researchers create first functional semiconductor made from graphene Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have created the world's first functional semiconductor made from graphene, a single sheet of carbon atoms held together by the strongest bonds known. Semiconductors, which are materials that conduct electricity under specific conditions, are foundational components of electronic devices. The team's breakthrough throws open the door to a new way of doing electronics.
	New insight into how brain adjusts synaptic connections during learning may inspire more robust AI Researchers from the MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit and Oxford University's Department of Computer Science have set out a new principle to explain how the brain adjusts connections between neurons during learning. This new insight may guide further research on learning in brain networks and may inspire faster and more robust learning algorithms in artificial intelligence.
	Better microelectronics from coal Coal is an abundant resource in the United States that has, unfortunately, contributed to climate change through its use as a fossil fuel. As the country transitions to other means of energy production, it will be important to consider and reevaluate coal's economic role.
	AI agents help explain other AI systems Explaining the behavior of trained neural networks remains a compelling puzzle, especially as these models grow in size and sophistication. Like other scientific challenges throughout history, reverse-engineering how artificial intelligence systems work requires a substantial amount of experimentation: making hypotheses, intervening on behavior, and even dissecting large networks to examine individual neurons.
	BYD overtakes Tesla for most EV sales US car maker Tesla has lost its crown for most sales of all-electric vehicles to Chinese firm BYD, which has capitalized on Beijing's strong government support for the burgeoning sector.
	Coach-to-player comms, sideline tablets tested in bowl games, but some schools decided to hold off Billy Edwards Jr. became a test pilot of sorts for the type of helmet communication technology that might soon become commonplace in college football.
	On offshore wind farms, seafood production may be a breeze Off the coasts of Belgium, Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands dozens of wind farms whir away, helping Europe switch to renewable energy from fossil fuels.
	How to optimize EV charging locations Consumer interest in electric vehicles (EVs) is rising, but the lack of charging stations is a continuing concern to potential customers. No U.S. counties currently have a charging infrastructure that can deliver power equal to gasoline stations; many counties have no public EV charging infrastructure at all.
	AI can now attend a meeting and write code for you. Here's why you should be cautious Microsoft recently launched a new version of all of its software with the addition of an artificial intelligence (AI) assistant that can do a variety of tasks for you. Copilot can summarize verbal conversations on Teams online meetings, present arguments for or against a particular point based on verbal discussions and answer a portion of your emails. It can even write computer code.
	Hundreds opposed changes to rooftop solar credits in Idaho: It was approved anyway Changes have arrived to rooftop solar in Idaho, whether its proponents like it or not.
	External drives taking too long to load? This week a reader writes: I have a Mac desktop with two 1 terabyte external SSDs, one used for Time Machine backups and one for my daily files.
	These tech companies eyeing expansion are finding luck in Ireland In 2019, Chicago software company ActiveCampaign decided to open an office in Europe to be closer to international clients. The fast-growing startup did more than half its business internationally, and a new satellite office in Sydney, Australia, was proving to be too far from European markets.
	Unlocking sustainable water treatment: The potential of piezoelectric-activated persulfate In a recent study published in the journal Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, scientists from Jinan University discuss a new, eco-friendly way to clean water. They've discovered a method called "piezoelectric activation of PS."
	Exploring the challenges faced by architectural design practitioners in embracing inclusive design Inclusive design has been widely promoted in the fields of product design, engineering, and user experience design. Despite the educational efforts made by scientists, practitioners, and institutions to raise awareness about accessibility and inclusion, it has not been widely embraced in architectural design practice, where it is often associated with designing for disabilities.
	Researchers develop a new method for path-following performance of autonomous ships The rising popularity of autonomous vehicles has spurred significant research interest in the maritime industry, particularly for developing maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS). An essential requirement of MASS is the ability to follow a pre-determined sea path, considering obstacles, water depth, and ship maneuverability.
	Study taps artificial intelligence to streamline the crowdsourcing of ideas Recent research has found a way to leverage the power of artificial intelligence (AI) to more efficiently screen out bad ideas to focus on only good ideas in the crowdsourcing process within ideation.
	Researchers test novel drone navigation technology in an active Japanese tunnel construction site For drones to save lives in search and rescue missions, or even reliably deliver our packages, they need to navigate dynamic environments without accident. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have had success steering through open spaces time and time again, but the unpredictability of moving obstacles has been a challenge, especially in indoor environments with no GPS signals. Kenji Shimada and his students leaned into this problem to develop new technology that enables autonomous flights in indoor dynamic environments.
	Securing rare earths for Europe's high-tech industries A group of critical raw materials may help Europe reduce supply-chain vulnerabilities.
	New tool will make math-heavy research papers easier to view online The complex formulas in physics, math and engineering papers might be intimidatingly difficult reading matter for some, but there are many people who have trouble merely seeing them in the first place. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has created a tool that makes these papers easier on the eyes for those with visual disabilities, and it's about to be adopted in a major way.
	Boosting solar cell performance with a transparent spectral converter Over the past decade, photovoltaic cells (PCs) have garnered much attention worldwide as promising sources of renewable energy. However, PCs still have not achieved light-to-electricity conversion efficiencies high enough to gain widespread adoption, and scientists are on the lookout for new materials and designs with better performance.

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