Science X Newsletter Tue, Jan 16

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 16, 2024:

Technology news

	Advancement in thermoelectricity could light up the Internet of Things Imagine stoplights and cars communicating with each other to optimize the flow of traffic. This isn't science fiction—it's the Internet of Things (IoT), i.e., objects that sense their surroundings and respond via the internet. As the global population rises and such technologies continue to develop, you might wonder—what will power this digital world of tomorrow?
	Discovery enables cost-effective and eco-friendly green hydrogen production A breakthrough technology has been developed that enables the production of green hydrogen in a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner, bringing us closer to a carbon-neutral society by replacing expensive precious metal catalysts.
	Material science advance could lead to airplanes that optimize their shape in flight Materials and objects could take on different shapes by themselves through a method developed at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Breakthrough tests showed how microscale melting and cooling of a wide range of materials—such as plastics and metals—can be manipulated to reorganize their mass and form new shapes.
	Squishy, metal-free magnets to power robots and guide medical implants "Soft robots," medical devices and implants, and next-generation drug delivery methods could soon be guided with magnetism—thanks to a metal-free magnetic gel developed by researchers at the University of Michigan and the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Stuttgart, Germany.
	Africa's chance for green electricity A joint study by the University of Tübingen, the Senckenberg Society for Nature Research, the University of Osnabrück and the University of Rwanda has found that 80% of the energy required in Africa could come from renewable sources by 2040—if the capacity of existing power plants were fully utilized and all the plants currently on the drawing-board were built. The international study has been published in the journal Nature Reviews Earth & Environment.
	Engineers propose hybrid urban water sourcing model using reclaimed wastewater Houston's water and wastewater system could be more resilient with the development of hybrid urban water supply systems that combine conventional, centralized water sources with reclaimed wastewater, according to a study by Rice University engineers now published in Nature Water.
	Team at Anthropic finds LLMs can be made to engage in deceptive behaviors A team of AI experts at Anthropic, the group behind the chatbot Claude, has found that LLMs can be exploited to engage in deceptive behavior with general users. They have published a paper describing their research into the problem on the arXiv preprint server.
	From cannabis harvest to flexible solar panels: Using organic electronics to develop next-gen devices Organic electronics—electronics where the active material is carbon-based—are making possible diverse new technologies ranging from sensors for monitoring cannabinoid levels in cannabis plants to lightweight, bendable solar panels. Real-world applications could result in solar panels you roll up and take with you on your next camping trip, or cannabis producers knowing the optimal time to harvest plants.
	Team develops a new deepfake detector designed to be less biased The image spoke for itself. University at Buffalo computer scientist and deepfake expert Siwei Lyu created a photo collage out of the hundreds of faces that his detection algorithms had incorrectly classified as fake—and the new composition clearly had a predominantly darker skin tone.
	OpenAI to launch anti-disinformation tools for 2024 elections ChatGPT maker OpenAI has said it will introduce tools to combat disinformation ahead of the dozens of elections this year in countries that are home to half the world's population.
	Microsoft expands Office AI Copilot to consumers, smaller companies Microsoft Corp. is opening up its artificial intelligence assistant to consumers and making the corporate version available to smaller companies as it tries to increase the number of paying customers for the new services.
	Los Angeles' renewable energy plan won't tank the economy, study finds The City of Los Angeles' plan to rely entirely on renewable electricity sources by 2035 won't have a significant effect on the local economy, according to new research from the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy.
	Remote Aussies don't have equal access to household electricity protections, shows study Remote and Indigenous communities' power connections are more vulnerable compared to their regional and metropolitan counterparts, according to new research from The Australian National University (ANU) and the Tangentyere Research Hub in Alice Springs published in Nature Energy.
	YouTube's MrBeast posts video on Musk's X YouTube sensation MrBeast posted a full video on Elon Musk's X for the first time this week, giving the struggling social media platform a boost.
	Volocopter flying taxi seeks to seduce Paris A German company is seeking to use the exposure generated by the Paris Olympics to overcome the opposition of local politicians and demonstrate that flying taxis can serve the French capital.
	Academia warned to guard 'crown jewels' after British Library hack While cyber-attacks on banks, utilities and media platforms may grab the most attention, the hacking of the British Library has led to warnings that academia has become an easy target.
	Microsoft CEO defends OpenAI partnership after EU, UK probes Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella on Tuesday defended his company's multi-billion-dollar investment in ChatGPT developer OpenAI after the EU and Britain launched probes into whether it resembles a merger.
	Ten ways artificial intelligence will shape the next five years Over the past year, artificial intelligence has made a significant impact on the world. While most of us have noticed the advancements in text and image tools like ChatGPT and Midjourney, a deeper revolution is happening beneath the surface.
	Investigating quantum computing and machine learning as effective tools in fluid dynamics To prevent aircraft stalls, engineers have long studied the flow of air over airfoils such as airplane wings to detect the angles when flow separation occurs. Recently, a team of researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, including Xi-Jun Yuan and Zi-Qiao Chen, investigated the use of quantum computing in connection with machine learning as a more accurate way of solving such problems.
	Epic says Apple court fight is 'lost' The CEO of Fortnite-maker Epic Games said Tuesday the company's court battle to open up Apple's iPhone to alternative app stores was lost after the US Supreme Court declined to hear the case.
	Improving energy efficiency of Wi-Fi networks on drones using slime mold method and a neural network The demand for high-quality wireless communications is growing along with the number of applications and devices. One way to provide such a network is to use a system of drone routers. Such a system would be useful, for example, in situations where it is necessary to quickly and simultaneously provide a signal to a large area—during natural disasters, large-scale incidents, and public events.
	Researchers create artificial neural network for drones to optimize energy consumption Future generation networks must provide high transmission speeds and flexible coverage. One way to do this is through networks of unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones. They operate in the millimeter wave range. But the use of a wide range of antennas and higher losses during signal propagation are disadvantages. All this requires energy, and drone batteries have limited capacity.
	Apple ends Samsung's 12-year run as world's top smartphone seller Apple's iPhone for the first time became the world's biggest selling smartphone after rival Samsung's 12-year run as leader, data showed.
	Computer scientists makes noisy data: Can it improve treatments in health care? University of Copenhagen researchers have developed software able to disguise sensitive data such as those used for machine learning in health care applications. The method protects privacy while making datasets available for the development of better treatments.
	New method for addressing the reliability challenges of neural networks in inverse imaging problems Uncertainty estimation is critical to improving the reliability of deep neural networks. A research team led by Aydogan Ozcan at the University of California, Los Angeles, has introduced an uncertainty quantification method that uses cycle consistency to enhance the reliability of deep neural networks in solving inverse imaging problems.
	Advancing high-speed electromagnetic suspension: A scheme for enhanced stability, track irregularity suppression The maglev train represents a type of modern urban rail transit transportation tool, boasting many technical advantages such as low noise, green environmental protection, small turning radius, good stability and high comfort. These advantages are due to the suspension mode of the train.
	Dual-metal sulfides found to improve overall function of anode material in lithium-ion capacitors The use of dual metal sulfides, specifically ZnS/CuS, shows marked improvement in electrochemical stability and performance when included in the design of flexible lithium-ion capacitors over the use of transition metal sulfides and carbon fiber materials.
	Team develops AI technology for robot work that can be applied to manufacturing process An AI (artificial intelligence) technology for robot work, which allows robots to be easily applied to manufacturing processes, has been developed for the first time in the world. The newly developed technology can be used in a variety of processes, such as the manufacturing of automobiles and machine parts, as well as assembly and production, and is expected to contribute to the improvement of the working environment at manufacturing sites in the future.
	Fukushima nuclear plant operator in Japan says it has no new safety concerns after Jan. 1 quake The operator of the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in Japan said Tuesday it has no new safety worries and envisions no changes to the plant's decommissioning plans even after a deadly earthquake on Jan. 1 caused minor damage to another idled nuclear plant, rekindling concerns and prompting a regulatory body to order a close examination.
	Fujitsu says morally obliged to compensate wronged UK postmasters Fujitsu has a moral obligation to help compensate UK postmasters wrongly convicted because of a bug in its accounting software, its European director said on Tuesday.
	Sixt to buy up to 250,000 Stellantis cars German car rental group Sixt said Tuesday it has agreed to buy up to 250,000 cars from automaker Stellantis in a "multi-billion euro" deal that includes electric vehicles.
	China premier says 'red line' needed in AI development Chinese Premier Li Qiang said on Tuesday there must be a red line that is not crossed in the development of artificial intelligence to ensure the technology benefits society.
	Ryanair boss says reassured by Boeing on 737 MAX safety Ryanair on Tuesday welcomed improved quality controls at US aircraft manufacturer Boeing and announced its own enhanced checks, after a major safety issue.
	Researchers propose new scheme for Internet of Things that uses fog computing Researchers from RUDN University have proposed a new scheme for the Internet of Things network. It uses flying drones that process data instead of cloud data centers, which speeds up the network. The results were published in Drones.
	Survey shows digital divide narrowing in California, but many low-income residents still under-connected Statewide broadband adoption remains high with 91% of households in California enjoying high-speed internet access at home, according to new survey results released today by USC, the California Emerging Technology Fund and the California Department of Technology.
	US judge blocks JetBlue-Spirit airline merger A US federal judge on Tuesday ruled against JetBlue's $3.8 billion takeover of low-cost carrier Spirit Airlines, saying that the deal would reduce competition.

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