Science X Newsletter Mon, Apr 1

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for April 1, 2024:

Technology news

	Using a 2D perovskite oxide as a photoactive high-κ gate dielectric Two-dimensional (2D) superconducting materials have been found to be promising for the development of miniaturized optoelectronic devices. To perform well while consuming less energy, however, these smaller devices require a higher gate capacitance (i.e., gates that can store more electrical charge in proportion to the voltage applied).
	An optimization-based method to enhance autonomous parking Vehicles that can drive themselves have been a long sought after goal both of robotics research and the automotive industry. While various companies have been investing in these vehicles and testing them, they have so far only deployed them in a limited number of settings.
	A new strategy for fabricating high-density vertical organic electrochemical transistor arrays Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are an emerging class of transistors based on organic superconducting materials known for their ability to modulate electrical current in response to small changes in the voltage applied to their gate electrode. Like other electronics based on organic semiconductors, these transistors could be promising for the development of various brain-inspired and wearable technologies.
	OpenAI unveils voice-cloning tool OpenAI on Friday revealed a voice-cloning tool it plans to keep tightly controlled until safeguards are in place to thwart audio fakes meant to dupe listeners.
	Gmail revolutionized email 20 years ago. People thought it was Google's April Fool's Day joke Google co-founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin loved pulling pranks, so much so they began rolling outlandish ideas every April Fool's Day not long after starting their company more than a quarter century ago. One year, Google posted a job opening for a Copernicus research center on the moon. Another year, the company said it planned to roll out a "scratch and sniff" feature on its search engine.
	Scientists develop high-boost and high-efficiency DC power converter A new electrical power converter design achieves a much higher efficiency at lower cost and maintenance than before. The direct current voltage boost converter developed by Kobe University is poised to be a significant contribution to the further development of electric and electronic components across power generation, health care, mobility and information technology.
	Researchers set new efficiency record for stable binary organic solar cells A research group led by Prof. Ge Ziyi from the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed two self-assembled molecules (SAMs) with large dipole moments and employed them as hole-transporting layers (HTLs) in binary organic solar cells (OSCs), achieving highly efficient and stable binary OSCs with a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 19.70%.
	Powering the future: Advanced energy harvesting for loT devices Researchers have developed a high-performance energy management unit (EMU) that significantly boosts the efficiency of electrostatic generators for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This breakthrough addresses the challenge of high impedance mismatch between electrostatic generators and electronic devices, unlocking new possibilities for ambient energy harvesting.
	Failure of Francis Scott Key Bridge provides future engineers a chance to learn how to better protect the public The cargo ship collision that destroyed the Francis Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore on March 26, 2024, is raising questions about just how much engineers can do to prevent such catastrophes from occurring in the future. Here, Michael J. Chajes, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at the University of Delaware, discusses how bridge design codes have changed over the years and the challenges of building new structures, and retrofitting existing ones, so they can survive extreme events
	After the Baltimore bridge collapse, we need clear-eyed assessments of the risks to key infrastructure Catastrophic collapses of major bridges are thankfully rare. Notable examples in the last couple of decades include the failure of the I35-W in Minneapolis in August 2007, and the collapse of the Morandi bridge in Genoa 11 years later. When such events do occur, public attention is understandably focused on the nature of the collapse, which can extend over hundreds of meters in seconds, and its underlying causes.
	Generative AI is changing the legal profession. Future lawyers need to know how to use it Generative AI—technology such as ChatGPT that creates content when prompted—is affecting how solicitors, judges and barristers work. It's also likely to change the work they are being asked to do.
	South Africa's new energy plan needs a mix of nuclear, gas, renewables and coal, says expert South Africa's economy has been hard hit by 15 years of loadshedding (rolling blackouts). The country's coal-fired power plants have a maintenance backlog and frequently experience unexpected technical failures. On the other hand, South Africa has committed, under the Paris Agreement, to transition to low-carbon energy generation technologies by 2050. This puts South Africa at an energy crossroads where it needs well thought out policy development and implementation to make the transition possible.
	Simultaneous performance improvement and energy savings with an innovative algorithm for 6G vision services Professor Jeongho Kwak's from the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at DGIST has developed a learning model and resource optimization technology that combines accuracy and efficiency for 6G vision services. This technology is expected to be utilized to address the high levels of computing power and complex learning models required by 6G vision services.
	AT&T notifies users of data breach and resets millions of passcodes AT&T said it has begun notifying millions of customers about the theft of personal data recently discovered online.
	Kia recalls over 427,000 Telluride SUVs because they might roll away while parked Kia is recalling more than 427,000 of its Telluride SUVs due to a defect that may cause the cars to roll away while they're parked.
	'Grave step backwards': Meta shuts monitoring tool in election year A digital tool considered vital in tracking viral falsehoods, CrowdTangle will be decommissioned by Facebook owner Meta in a major election year, a move researchers fear will disrupt efforts to detect an expected firehose of political misinformation.
	What is Volt Typhoon? Cybersecurity expert explains the Chinese hackers targeting US critical infrastructure Volt Typhoon is a Chinese state-sponsored hacker group. The United States government and its primary global intelligence partners, known as the Five Eyes, issued a warning on March 19, 2024, about the group's activity targeting critical infrastructure.
	AI companies are courting Hollywood: Do they come in peace? Artificial intelligence is coming to Hollywood—but is Hollywood ready for it? OpenAI, the company behind ChatGPT, is meeting with entertainment industry players, including executives at talent agencies and film studios, to demonstrate and explain its latest technology, Sora, which conjures videos based on what users describe in text.
	Generative AI becoming a concern for supply chain managers The results of the Lehigh Business Supply Chain Risk Management Index for the second quarter of 2024 show cybersecurity is the biggest risk on supply chain managers' minds for the fifth straight quarter, increasing more than 5.5 points from last quarter.
	Research reveals language barriers limit effectiveness of cybersecurity resources The idea for Fawn Ngo's latest research came from a television interview. Ngo, a University of South Florida criminologist, had spoken with a Vietnamese language network in California about her interest in better understanding how people become victims of cybercrime. Afterward, she began receiving phone calls from viewers recounting their own experiences of victimization.
	Google to delete incognito search data to end privacy suit Google has agreed to delete a vast trove of search data to settle a suit that it tracked millions of US users who thought they were browsing the internet privately.
	Are high-purity cathode materials truly necessary? An alternative to reduce secondary battery costs Manufacturers of secondary battery cells (LG Energy Solution, Samsung SDI, and SK) have been insisting on very stringent purity specifications from suppliers of cathode materials to ensure a consistent quality output.
	Study finds 'digital humans' as effective as real ones in ergonomics training Could digital humans—realistic virtual representations of humans that communicate through text-to-speech and speech-to-text interfaces—provide online training that is as effective as that provided by real humans?
	Team proposes Python-based library for large-scale graph neural network recommendations Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained widespread adoption in recommendation systems. When it comes to processing large graphs, GNNs may encounter the scalability issue stemming from their multi-layer message-passing operations. Consequently, scaling GNNs has emerged as a crucial research area in recent years, with numerous scaling strategies being proposed.
	Addressing challenges in automated driving: A safe motion planning and control framework Automated vehicles (AVs) have become a critical link in the development of intelligent transportation systems owing to their vast potential to enhance safety, reduce energy consumption, and optimize traffic flow. With the increase of advanced functionalities included in AVs, safety during their operational phase is of paramount importance for the road vehicles industry.

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