Science X Newsletter Tue, Apr 16

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for April 16, 2024:

Technology news

	New insight about the working principles of bipolar membranes could guide future fuel cell design Bipolar membranes are a class of ion-conductive polymers comprised of two oppositely charged layers, known as the cation-exchange and anion-exchange layer. These membranes are central to the functioning of various technologies, including electrolyzers and hydrogen fuel cells.
	Using sound waves for photonic machine learning: Study lays foundation for reconfigurable neuromorphic building blocks Optical neural networks may provide the high-speed and large-capacity solution necessary to tackle challenging computing tasks. However, tapping their full potential will require further advances. One challenge is the reconfigurability of optical neural networks.
	Taichi: A large-scale diffractive hybrid photonic AI chiplet A combined team of engineers from Tsinghua University and the Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, both in China, has developed a large-scale diffractive hybrid photonic AI chiplet for use in high-efficiency artificial general intelligence applications. Their paper is published in the journal Science.
	Neutron scattering study points the way to more powerful lithium batteries An international team of scientists has found a way to improve battery design that could produce safer, more powerful lithium batteries.
	Cooler transformers could help electric grid Most people do not give the U.S. electric grid a second thought—we flip a switch, and the lights come on. Behind the scenes are thousands of power plants and utilities linked by millions of miles of transmission lines. To make raw electricity useful, grid transformers convert high voltage to lower voltage that millions of households can plug into.
	Nissan says it will make next-generation EV batteries by early 2029 Nissan expects to mass produce electric vehicles powered by advanced next-generation batteries by early 2029, the company said Tuesday during a media tour of an unfinished pilot plant.
	Paris faces cyber battle to keep Games running and real The Paris Olympics are bracing themselves to fight off an unprecedented level of cyber attacks, for the first time augmented by artificial intelligence.
	Samsung returns to top of the smartphone market: Industry tracker Samsung regained its position as the top smartphone seller, wresting back the lead from Apple as Chinese rivals close the gap on both market leaders, industry tracker International Data Corporation (IDC) reported Monday.
	Microsoft to invest $1.5bn in AI firm in UAE, take board seat Microsoft is to invest $1.5 billion in the United Arab Emirates artificial intelligence firm G42, taking a minority stake and a seat on the board, the companies said on Tuesday.
	Meta 'supreme court' takes on cases of deepfake porn Meta's oversight board said Tuesday it is scrutinizing the social media titan's deepfake porn policies, through the lens of two cases.
	Can AI read our minds? Probably not, but that doesn't mean we shouldn't be worried Earlier this year, Neuralink implanted a chip inside the brain of 29-year-old US man Noland Arbaugh, who is paralyzed from the shoulders down. The chip has enabled Arbaugh to move a mouse pointer on a screen just by imagining it moving.
	Why robots can be culturally insensitive—and how scientists are trying to fix it A robot is chatting to an elderly British man in his bedroom. The robot has a cheery demeanor and a pleasantly high-pitched voice.
	High electric bills threaten California's clean future: This plan could help California has some of the nation's highest electricity rates, and power bills are rising fast. That's a problem because it makes it harder for people to afford switching from fossil fuels to clean electric cars and appliances that are essential to combating climate change.
	Atrium Health shared patient data with Facebook, class-action lawsuit alleges A class-action lawsuit filed in North Carolina accuses Atrium Health of allowing Facebook and Google to access patient information online to use in targeted ads.
	How Amazon became the largest private EV charging operator in the US Amazon's Maple Valley, Washington, warehouse is built for speed. At night, big rigs pull up to one end to unload boxes and padded mailers—some after a short drive from a bigger warehouse down the road, others following a flight in the hold of a cargo plane. Waiting employees scan, sort and load them into rolling racks.
	Deepfake detection improves when using algorithms that are more aware of demographic diversity Deepfakes—essentially putting words in someone else's mouth in a very believable way—are becoming more sophisticated by the day and increasingly hard to spot. Recent examples of deepfakes include Taylor Swift nude images, an audio recording of President Joe Biden telling New Hampshire residents not to vote, and a video of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy calling on his troops to lay down their arms.
	A timer can shorten your shower even when you have no incentive to save water From Barcelona to Mexico City, popular tourist destinations are facing droughts and running out of water. Yet, a huge 40% of household water is used for showers and baths, with products like shower gel actively encouraging people to spend longer washing so finding simple and scalable ways to cut water consumption is crucial.
	Solar energy can uplift rural Ethiopians, but is hard to come by Even though solar home systems are becoming cheaper and easier to access, barriers to their adoption persist among remote communities in developing countries, where solar panels can promote health and education, according to a new study of two rural villages in Ethiopia.
	AI model could optimize e-commerce sites for users who are color blind University of Toronto researcher Parham Aarabi has created an artificial intelligence model that mimics how people use e-commerce websites—and it may be able to help retailers optimize their sites for people experiencing color blindness and other conditions.
	Researchers can help shipowners achieve ambitious climate targets International shipping does not want to be a climate bad guy and is aiming to be emission-free by 2050. A new tool designed by researchers in Trondheim can help shipowners who are searching for green solutions.
	New apps help researchers with statistical analyses of data It's a sign of the times: an app store for omics enthusiasts. The Multi-Omics Analysis Portal (MAP) by the end of 2024 will be a one-stop shop for computer applications capable of making sense of various and vast omics data. Genomics, proteomics, lipidomics, transcriptomics—all are welcome.
	Shadowbanning: Some marginalized social media users believe their content is suppressed Social media allows users to express themselves through words, pictures, videos and emojis, but some marginalized groups say social media platforms restrict the visibility of their online posts, according to a new University of Michigan study.
	Water main breaks are rarely due to a single factor, research finds Canadians are no strangers to water main breaks. Aging equipment, increased demand, seasonal weather changes, and many other factors have added stress to the infrastructure of utilities across Canada.
	In-situ alloying of NiTiNb shape memory alloys by additive manufacturing In order to address the challenges in fabrication NiTiNb ternary alloy structures, researchers from Shandong University (SDU) have proposed an alloy design strategy to prepare NiTiNb shape memory alloys (SMAs) through laser powder bed fusion in-situ alloying and post-heat treatment. The in-situ alloyed NiTiNb alloy shows typical transformation characteristics (e.g. wide hysteresis) and good mechanical/functional properties.
	Decarbonization scenario model analyzes ambitious pathways to net-zero carbon emissions While the world would love to have a quick fix, there is no one specific pathway to stop or slow the rate of climate change.
	Trump Media stock slides again to bring it more than 66% below its peak as euphoria fades The stock price for Donald Trump's social media company slid again Monday, pushing it more than 66% below its peak set late last month.
	Shareholders approve pay package of Stellantis CEO Stellantis shareholders on Tuesday approved a controversial 36.5-million-euro ($38.75 million) pay package for chief executive Carlos Tavares.
	MGM Resorts sues FTC, agency chair over cyberattack investigation MGM Resorts International filed a lawsuit April 15 against the Federal Trade Commission and its top officer, Chairwoman Lina M. Khan, claiming the agency violated the company's Fifth Amendment right to due process while investigating a September cyberattack against the company.
	Women in tech, AI in focus as Web Summit opens in Rio The future of artificial intelligence, technology to fight climate change and other glimpses at the cutting edge were in focus Tuesday as mega-tech conference Web Summit opened in Rio de Janeiro.
	Trump media group plans TV streaming platform Donald Trump's media group said Tuesday it will launch a streaming television platform, but its shares continued to tumble on Wall Street.

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