Science X Newsletter Tue, Apr 2

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for April 2, 2024:

Technology news

	Butterfly-inspired AI technology takes flight When it comes to mating, two things matter for Heliconius butterflies: the look and the smell of their potential partner. The black and orange butterflies have incredibly small brains, yet they must process both sensory inputs at the same time—which is more than current artificial intelligence (AI) technologies can achieve without significant energy consumption.
	Semi-transparent camera allows for eye tracking without obstructing the view A team of engineers at The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology's ICFO–Institut de Ciències Fotòniques has developed a nearly transparent camera that can be used for eye tracking without obstructing the view. The team has published a paper describing their camera and its performance as an eye tracker on the arXiv preprint server.
	Researchers build selenium–silicon tandem solar cell that could improve efficiency to 40% A team of physicists and engineers at Technical University of Denmark reports that it is possible to build a working selenium–silicon tandem solar cell, a combination that could theoretically improve the efficiency of solar cells to 40%. The study is published in the journal PRX Energy.
	New robot swims and jumps like a Chinese rice grasshopper Biologist, materials scientist and bionics specialist Professor Stanislav N. Gorb and his team at Kiel University's Institute of Zoology are known for analyzing the spectacular abilities of animals and translating them into innovative technical applications. For example, they created robot grab arms based on the model of insects and a detachable adhesive film that works in a similar manner to the adhesive organs of insects, spiders and geckos.
	New materials discovered for safe, high-performance solid-state lithium-ion batteries Scientists have discovered a stable and highly conductive lithium-ion conductor for use as solid electrolytes for solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
	Chemistry researchers modify solar technology to produce a less harmful greenhouse gas Researchers in the UNC-Chapel Hill Chemistry Department are using semiconductors to harvest and convert the sun's energy into high-energy compounds that have the potential to produce environmentally friendly fuels.
	Study: AI writing, illustration emits hundreds of times less carbon than humans With the evolution of artificial intelligence comes a discussion of the technology's environmental impact. A study has found that for the tasks of writing and illustrating, AI emits hundreds of times less carbon than humans performing the same tasks. That does not mean, however, that AI can or should replace human writers and illustrators, the study's authors argue.
	Building blocks for greener energy: Reconfigurable elastic metasurface components akin to LEGO Energy harvesting, an eco-friendly technology, extends beyond solar and wind power in generating electricity from unused or discarded energy in daily life, including vibrations generated by passing car engines or trains. Recent intriguing research aims to enhance the efficiency of energy harvesting using a new type of metasurface that can be reconfigured, resembling the assembly of LEGO bricks.
	Sunrise to sunset, a new window coating blocks heat, not view Windows welcome light into interior spaces, but they also bring in unwanted heat. A new window coating blocks heat-generating ultraviolet and infrared light and lets through visible light, regardless of the sun's angle. The coating can be incorporated onto existing windows or automobiles and can reduce air-conditioning cooling costs by more than one-third in hot climates.
	Wristband uses echoes and AI to track hand positions for VR and more Cornell researchers have developed a wristband device that continuously detects hand positioning—as well as objects the hand interacts with—using AI-powered, inaudible soundwaves.
	A photonic feature extractor for broadband radio-frequency signals In intelligent sensing fields such as radar, machine vision and medical imaging, the critical information used for decision-making is often sparse. For example, a monosyllabic waveform requires thousands of sampling points, but contains only a few bits of information.
	Tesla sales tumble nearly 9%, most in 4 years, as competition heats up and demand for EVs slows Tesla sales fell sharply last quarter as competition increased worldwide, electric vehicle sales growth slowed, and price cuts failed to lure more buyers.
	Engineers and OpenAI recommend ways to evaluate large language models for cybersecurity applications Carnegie Mellon University's Software Engineering Institute (SEI) and OpenAI published a white paper that found that large language models (LLMs) could be an asset for cybersecurity professionals, but should be evaluated using real and complex scenarios to better understand the technology's capabilities and risks. LLMs underlie today's generative artificial intelligence (AI) platforms, such as Google's Gemini, Microsoft's Bing AI, and ChatGPT, released in November 2022 by OpenAI.
	Undersea cables are the unseen backbone of the global internet Have you ever wondered how an email sent from New York arrives in Sydney in mere seconds, or how you can video chat with someone on the other side of the globe with barely a hint of delay? Behind these everyday miracles lies an unseen, sprawling web of undersea cables, quietly powering the instant global communications that people have come to rely on.
	Browsing in incognito mode doesn't protect you as much as you might think Although a private browsing mode known as "Incognito" in Google's widely used Chrome browser has been available for nearly a decade, a legal settlement involving the way it works has casting new attention on this commonly available setting.
	Amazon is removing Just Walk Out technology from its Fresh grocery stores in the US Amazon is removing Just Walk Out technology from its Amazon Fresh stores as part of an effort to revamp the grocery chain.
	AI can take over key management roles in scientific research, shows study New research from ESMT Berlin shows how AI can manage human participants in large-scale research projects, taking over functions such as task allocation, coordination, and motivation.
	A coastal community provides valuable insights about home heating, energy use, and the future power grid There may be few better real-life laboratories in the United States than Cordova, Alaska, to evaluate the challenges and benefits of transitioning to new, cleaner methods of home heating in a colder climate.
	Roll embossing: New system improves production of bipolar plates Climate-friendly fuel cell systems, which are set to power vehicles in the future, are still rare and expensive these days. There are several reasons for this, including the complex and costly process used to produce bipolar plates—a key component in electrolyzers and fuel cells, which are needed for many hydrogen systems.
	Health data storage has a climate cost. In the future, data may be stored in DNA A lot of energy is required to analyze and store large amounts of data. We may therefore have to take a different approach to data storage in the future, so says Professor Søren Brunak at the University of Copenhagen.
	A helmet with a vibration sensor for excavator drivers Fraunhofer researchers have developed a helmet with an integrated acceleration sensor for drivers of construction vehicles. The helmet sensor measures harmful vibrations that affect the body. The software analyzes the sensor signals and shows the stress on the affected person. This allows corresponding relief measures to be taken. A flexible piezo-electret film serves as the sensor. A demonstration model for the Flexeras project will be presented at the joint Fraunhofer booth at the Hannover Messe (April 22–26, 2024, Hall 2, Booth B24).
	Research team creates biofilm-resistant glass for marine environments A group of researchers led by University of Massachusetts Amherst engineers have created ultraviolet (UV) rays-emitting glass that can reduce 98% of biofilm from growing on surfaces in underwater environments, as reported in the journal Biofilm.
	In the elastocaloric cooling process, a refrigerator cools by flexing artificial muscles There is room for just one small bottle in the world's first refrigerator that is cooled with artificial muscles made of nitinol, a nickel-titanium alloy. But the mini-prototype that the team led by professors Stefan Seelecke and Paul Motzki will be presenting at the Hannover Messe from 22 to 26 April is groundbreaking: It shows that elastocalorics is becoming a viable solution for practical applications. This climate-friendly cooling and heating technology is far more energy-efficient and sustainable than current methods.
	An eco-friendly process for removing odorous VOCs in industries A research team has developed a green technology for eliminating odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their by-products, such as residual ozone and formaldehyde.
	Swan song for General Electric as it completes demerger The US conglomerate General Electric, co-founded more than 130 years ago by Thomas Edison, is opening a new chapter in its history on Tuesday: its break-up into three independent entities which will then concentrate on their disparate core businesses.
	AI in workplace settings: A hands-on experience Allaying anxieties, emphasizing potential—with their KI-Studios (AI Studios), experts from the Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO are bringing workplace artificial intelligence to life. Their KI-Infomobil (AI Infomobile) will be appearing at the Hannover Messe from April 22 to 26. Guests are welcome to visit Fraunhofer at Booth B24 in Hall 2 to learn how AI technologies work, where they can be used, and how they can make people's work easier.
	Miranda Lambert, Billie Eilish, Nicki Minaj submit letter to AI developers to honor artists' rights Stevie Wonder, Miranda Lambert, Billie Eilish, Nicki Minaj, Peter Frampton, Katy Perry, Smokey Robinson and J Balvin are just some of the over 200 names featured on a new open letter submitted by the Artist Rights Alliance non-profit, calling on artificial intelligence tech companies, developers, platforms, digital music services and platforms to stop using AI "to infringe upon and devalue the rights of human artists," according to the letter.
	A hybrid data-driven framework considering feature extraction for battery state of health estimation and life prediction A paper proposing a hybrid data-driven framework considering feature extraction for battery state of health estimation and remaining useful life prediction was published in Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation.

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