Science X Newsletter Mon, Apr 15

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for April 15, 2024:

Technology news

	Advance in light-based computing shows capabilities for future smart cameras Researchers developing the next generation of computing technology aim to bring some light to the field—literally. Optical computing, which relies on particles of light called photons, is expected to provide alternatives to traditional electronic approaches. Such systems—or light-based components of hybrid systems that also retain electronic parts—could be faster, consume less energy and compute visual information more efficiently through simultaneous, parallel processing.
	Researchers develop stretchable quantum dot display A team of South Korean scientists led by Professor KIM Dae-Hyeong of the Center for Nanoparticle Research within the Institute for Basic Science has pioneered a novel approach to stretchable displays. The team announced the first development of intrinsically stretchable quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs).
	Research team manufactures the first universal, programmable and multifunctional photonic chip A team from the Photonics Research Laboratory (PRL)-iTEAM of the Universitat Politècnica de València and the company iPRONICS have designed and manufactured a revolutionary chip for the telecommunications sector, data centers and infrastructure associated with artificial intelligence computing systems. It is the first universal, programmable, and multifunctional photonic chip worldwide.
	AI's new power of persuasion: Study shows LLMs can exploit personal information to change your mind A new EPFL study has demonstrated the persuasive power of large language models, finding that participants debating GPT-4 with access to their personal information were far more likely to change their opinion compared to those who debated humans.
	Clear guidelines needed for synthetic data to ensure transparency, accountability and fairness, study says Clear guidelines should be established for the generation and processing of synthetic data to ensure transparency, accountability and fairness, a new study says.
	Google yanks California news sites over proposed law Google on Friday said it is testing removing links to California news sites for some users in the western US state as legislators mull making the online search giant pay for connecting people to news.
	US House okays renewal of controversial surveillance program The US House of Representatives voted Friday to reauthorize an electronic surveillance program targeting foreigners, a practice officials say is critical to national security but criticized by opponents over concerns for American citizens' privacy.
	Apple announces Vietnam spending boost as CEO visits Hanoi Tech giant Apple said Monday it would increase spending on suppliers in Vietnam, a key production hub, as CEO Tim Cook arrived in the country for a two-day visit.
	Global smartphone shipments climb nearly 8% in 1st quarter as Samsung retakes the lead Global smartphone shipments rose nearly 8% in the first quarter, according to preliminary data from International Data Corp. It's the third straight quarter of shipment growth and marks the return of Samsung to No. 1.
	US to grant Samsung up to $6.4 bn for chip plants The United States announced on Monday grants of up to $6.4 billion to South Korean semiconductor giant Samsung to produce cutting-edge chips in Texas.
	OpenAI comes to Asia with new office in Tokyo ChatGPT creator OpenAI opened a new office in Tokyo on Monday, the first Asian outpost for the groundbreaking tech company as it aims to ramp up its global expansion.
	Mimicking fish to create the ideal deep-sea submersible More than 80% of the Earth's ocean has yet to be mapped. This is due, in part, to the challenges associated with deep-sea exploration, including intense pressure, zero visibility and extremely cold temperatures. As financial and scientific interest in the ocean and its resources increases, researchers are leveraging the adapted features of living fish to create more efficient and practical deep-sea submersibles.
	Tesla plans to lay off 10% of workforce after dismal quarterly sales, multiple news outlets report After reporting dismal first-quarter sales, Tesla is planning to lay off about a tenth of its workforce as it tries to cut costs, multiple media outlets reported Monday.
	Hong Kong conditionally approves first bitcoin and ether ETFs Hong Kong's securities regulator on Monday granted conditional approval to start the city's first spot-bitcoin and ether exchange-traded funds (ETFs), firms involved said, positioning it as a leader in Asia for the use of cryptocurrencies as investment tools.
	The airline industry's biggest climate challenge: A lack of clean fuel In a glimmer of progress for the daunting task of reducing air travel's climate impact, a newly built plant in rural Georgia is expected to begin pumping out the world's first commercial quantities of a new type of cleaner jet fuel this month.
	Google unveils new updates to make trip planning easier for travelers Google Maps is launching new updates that are intended to make finding travel inspiration and local recommendations in your destination easier. Users will start seeing these lists of suggestions popping up in Google Maps in more than 40 cities across the U.S. and Canada this week. These updates will also be rolled out globally on Android and iOS mobile platforms later this month.
	Microsoft, beset by hacks, grapples with problem years in the making The world's largest seller of cybersecurity products has a problem with its own cybersecurity.
	Security vulnerability in browser interface allows computer access via graphics card Modern websites place ever greater demands on the computing power of computers. For this reason, web browsers have also had access to the computing capacities of the graphics card (Graphics Processing Unit or GPU) in addition to the CPU of a computer for a number of years.
	Colorado will try turning off the electrical grid to prevent wildfires, an operation pioneered in California The U.S. power grid is the largest and most complex machine ever built. It's also aging and under increasing stress from climate-driven disasters such as wildfires, hurricanes and heat waves.
	Researchers uncover ways to improve railcar roller bearing safety, strength When Nebraska Engineering researchers began cooking up new recipes for manufacturing railcar bearing components, they expected there would be a few offerings that wouldn't be as satisfying.
	The hidden risk of letting AI decide: Losing the skills to choose for ourselves As artificial intelligence creeps further into people's daily lives, so do worries about it. At the most alarmist are concerns about AI going rogue and terminating its human masters.
	AI can write you a poem and edit your video. Now, it can help you be funnier University of Sydney researchers have used an AI-assisted application to help people write cartoon captions for cartoons published in The New Yorker Cartoon Caption Contest.
	Report explores possibilities of capturing and using carbon dioxide for sustainable production routes A new DECHEMA report "Carbon for Power-to-X—Suitable CO2 sources and integration in PtX value chains" deals with possibilities of capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide for sustainable production routes. Carbon dioxide can serve as a carbon feed for numerous climate friendly commodities produced with Power-to-X technologies. The report elaborates on point sources and state-of-the-art capture methods.
	Navigating the future: Researchers improve satellite navigation processing accuracy and speed In the evolving Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) landscape, China's International GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) stands out for its global monitoring and evaluation of GNSS constellations.
	Researchers design new coupled shear saw resonator at high frequency Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) resonators have been widely used in wireless communication below 2 GHz. However, as wireless communication evolves into 5G and 6G, with the new frequency bands above 3 GHz and bandwidth exceeding 500 MHz, conventional SAW technology face serious bottlenecks in terms of high frequency (>3GHz), high quality factor (Q value), and high electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2).
	Safeguarding the future of online security with AI and metasurfaces Researchers at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) have advanced online security by integrating an AI-based metasurface with oblique helicoidal cholesteric liquid crystals.
	Improved AI confidence measure for autonomous vehicles A new Bar-Ilan University study addresses a fundamental question in the realm of artificial intelligence (AI): Can deep learning architectures achieve greatly above-average confidence for a significant portion of inputs while maintaining overall average confidence?
	Global North energy outsourcing demands more attention, researchers say Manufacturing nations in the Global North are stockpiling energy and emission problems by outsourcing energy-intensive industrial processes to countries in the Global South, a new study reveals.
	Market correction: Trump stock tumbles after buoyant debut After a winning debut on Wall Street last month, Donald Trump's media group has suffered a bruising retreat, denting the Republican candidate's wealth as he faces legal challenges.
	AI-generated models could bring more diversity to the fashion industry—or leave it with less London-based model Alexsandrah has a twin, but not in the way you'd expect: Her counterpart is made of pixels instead of flesh and blood.
	Lufthansa reports loss, cuts outlook after strikes German airline giant Lufthansa reported a hefty first-quarter loss Monday and downgraded its 2024 outlook due to recent strikes, while warning of risks from conflict in the Middle East.
	Meta 'temporarily' closes Threads network in Turkey Facebook owner Meta said Monday it would "temporarily" shut down its Threads short-messaging service in Turkey after an order from Ankara's competition watchdog over data-sharing.
	Israel using AI to identify human targets raising fears that innocents are being caught in the net A report by Jerusalem-based investigative journalists published in +972 magazine finds that AI targeting systems have played a key role in identifying—and potentially misidentifying—tens of thousands of targets in Gaza. This suggests that autonomous warfare is no longer a future scenario. It is already here and the consequences are horrifying.

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