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Science X Newsletter Mon, Nov 20

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for November 20, 2023:

Technology news

An approach to plan the actions of robot teams in uncertain conditions

While most robots are initially tested in laboratory settings and other controlled environments, they are designed to be deployed in real-world environments, helping humans to tackle various problems. Navigating real-world environments entails dealing with high levels of uncertainty and unpredictability, particularly when robots are completing missions as a team.

Researchers seek consensus on what constitutes Artificial General Intelligence

A team of researchers at DeepMind focusing on the next frontier of artificial intelligence—Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)—realized they needed to resolve one key issue first. What exactly, they asked, is AGI?

Inverted perovskite solar cell breaks 25% efficiency record

Northwestern University researchers have raised the standards again for perovskite solar cells with a new development that helped the emerging technology hit new records for efficiency.

AI system self-organizes to develop features of brains of complex organisms

Cambridge scientists have shown that placing physical constraints on an artificially-intelligent system—in much the same way that the human brain has to develop and operate within physical and biological constraints—allows it to develop features of the brains of complex organisms in order to solve tasks.

Low-cost adaptable testbed design for terahertz technology

Terahertz communication will shape the future of wireless networks. Extensive high data rates with secure networks are possible with terahertz technology. However, such a high frequency also presents well-known challenges, such as limited range and susceptibility to atmospheric absorption.

New research explores innovative methods in data visualization with Jaya algorithm

Graphs are essential tools for visualizing complex information, from social networks to biological pathways. However, designing these graphs can be challenging, as it involves balancing aesthetics with the practicality of automatic generation.

Synthetic imagery sets new bar in AI training efficiency

Data is the new soil, and in this fertile new ground, MIT researchers are planting more than just pixels. By using synthetic images to train machine learning models, a team of scientists recently surpassed results obtained from traditional "real-image" training methods.

This 3D printer can watch itself fabricate objects

With 3D inkjet printing systems, engineers can fabricate hybrid structures that have soft and rigid components, like robotic grippers that are strong enough to grasp heavy objects but soft enough to interact safely with humans.

What is LockBit, the cybercrime gang hacking some of the world's largest organizations?

While ransomware incidents have been occurring for more than 30 years, only in the last decade has the term "ransomware" appeared regularly in popular media. Ransomware is a type of malicious software that blocks access to computer systems or encrypts files until a ransom is paid.

AI: How it hands power to machines to transform the way we view the world

There are signs of AI everywhere, it's behind everything from customer service chatbots to the personalized ads we receive when browsing online. However, we remain largely unaware of the hidden algorithms doing the heavy legwork behind the scenes.

Amazon lays off hundreds in its Alexa division as it plows resources into AI

Amazon is cutting hundreds of jobs in the unit that handles its popular voice assistant Alexa as it plows more resources into artificial intelligence.

ChatGPT-maker OpenAI fires CEO Sam Altman, the face of the AI boom, for lack of candor with company

ChatGPT-maker Open AI said Friday it has pushed out its co-founder and CEO Sam Altman after a review found he was "not consistently candid in his communications" with the board of directors.

News anchors targeted by deepfake scammers on Facebook

In a Facebook video viewed by thousands, CNN's Wolf Blitzer appears to hawk a diabetes drug. In another, "CBS Mornings" host Gayle King seems to endorse weight loss products.

'Please regulate AI:' Artists push for U.S. copyright reforms but tech industry says not so fast

Country singers, romance novelists, video game artists and voice actors are appealing to the U.S. government for relief—as soon as possible—from the threat that artificial intelligence poses to their livelihoods.

US transition to electric vehicles faces delays

The US transition to electric cars has hit a speed bump, with concerns about vehicle range and limited charging capacity adding to core affordability issues.

How big tech generated billions in fines... then didn't pay them

Rarely a month goes by without big tech companies getting fined for price fixing, squashing competitors or misusing data, but it can take years before they pay a penny.

Investors in OpenAI seek return of fired CEO, US media report

Major investors in OpenAI, the company behind hugely popular ChatGPT, are working to orchestrate the return as CEO of Sam Altman, a leader in the AI revolution who was fired in a shock move Friday, US media reported Sunday.

OpenAI stands by decision to fire Sam Altman despite pressure: US media

The board of ChatGPT creator OpenAI on Sunday rejected pressure from Microsoft and other major investors to reverse its stunning decision to fire CEO Sam Altman, US media reported.

Australia targets tech giants with 'harmful content' standards

Australia's internet watchdog wants to force technology giants to crack down on deepfake child abuse material and "pro-terror content" under new, industry-wide protocols being developed in the country.

Twitch co-founder Emmett Shear confirms appointment as new OpenAI CEO

Twitch co-founder Emmett Shear confirmed his appointment as OpenAI's new CEO on Monday, days after the AI firm fired Sam Altman.

Hackers are exploiting a flaw in Citrix software despite fix

A critical flaw in software from Citrix Systems Inc., a company that pioneered remote access so people can work anywhere, has been exploited by government-backed hackers and criminal groups, according to a U.S. cyber official.

Apple plans to make it easier to text between iPhones and Androids

In a major reversal, Apple Inc. plans to adopt a technological standard next year that will allow text messaging to operate more smoothly between iPhones and Android devices.

OpenAI staff threaten mass exodus to join ex-CEO

Hundreds of staff at OpenAI threatened to quit the leading artificial intelligence company on Monday and join Microsoft, deepening a crisis triggered by the shock sacking of CEO Sam Altman.

AI is now accessible to everyone: 3 things parents should teach their kids

It is almost a year since ChatGPT burst onto the scene, fueling great excitement as well as concern about what it might mean for education.

What is a sonar pulse and how can it injure humans under water?

Over the weekend, the Australian government revealed that last Tuesday its navy divers had sustained "minor injuries," likely due to sonar pulses from a Chinese navy vessel.

Large language models pose risk to science with false answers, says study

Large Language Models (LLMs) pose a direct threat to science because of so-called "hallucinations" (untruthful responses), and should be restricted to protect scientific truth, says a new paper from leading Artificial Intelligence researchers at the Oxford Internet Institute.

Creativity in the age of generative AI: A new era of creative partnerships

Recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence (AI) have showcased its potential in a wide range of creative activities such as producing works of art, composing symphonies, and even drafting legal texts, slide presentations, or the like.

Researchers develop automatic text recognition for ancient cuneiform tablets

A new artificial intelligence (AI) application developed by a team from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, and Mainz University of Applied Sciences is now able to decipher difficult-to-read texts on cuneiform tablets.

Microsoft hires 2 leading executives from company that created ChatGPT

Microsoft on Monday hired two leading executives from the company that created ChatGPT after one of them was abruptly fired by OpenAI, the startup whose chatbot kicked off the era of generative artificial intelligence.

Largest study of its kind shows outdated password practices are putting millions at risk

Three out of four of the world's most popular websites are putting tens of millions of users and their data at risk by failing to meet minimum password requirement standards.

Artificial intelligence in human resource management

A detailed literature review published in the International Journal of Business Innovation and Research has looked at the interplay between artificial intelligence (AI) tools and human resource management (HRM). The review aims to provide clarity on the nuanced dynamics shaping the digital era.

Decentralized influencers: How opinion leaders on Twitter (X) shape the Bitcoin discussion

Bitcoin has made global headlines in recent years, with a significant portion of the cryptocurrency discourse taking place on Twitter, renamed X this year. A single tweet by Elon Musk, who in 2021 announced on Twitter that Bitcoin would be accepted in payment for Tesla products, can have significant impact on the crypto market as a whole. Yet there are others on Twitter who also play a role in shaping the way Bitcoin is viewed.

Redefining the quest for artificial intelligence: What should replace the Turing test?

In a paper published in Intelligent Computing, Philip Nicholas Johnson-Laird of Princeton University and Marco Ragni of Chemnitz University of Technology propose a novel alternative to the Turing test, a milestone test developed by computing pioneer Alan Turing. The paper suggests that it is time to shift the focus from whether a machine can mimic human responses to a more fundamental question: "Does a program reason in the way that humans reason?"

Researchers develop new percussion method to detect pipeline elbow erosion

A University of Houston engineering research team is pioneering a new method, based on percussion, to detect pipeline elbow erosion.

Want better AI? Get input from a real (human) expert

Can AI be trusted? The question pops up wherever AI is used or discussed—which, these days, is everywhere.

Residential solar power saves less energy than expected

Imagine a household that consumes 1,000 kilowatt hours of energy per month. Then they install solar panels on their roof that generate 500 kilowatt hours of electricity per month on average. How much should their consumption of electricity drawn from the power grid decline after they install solar? Five hundred kilowatt hours is the expectation, but in reality, it's less than that for most people. Now, they're consuming more than 1,000 kilowatt hours per month.

New tech for tackling increasing demand by 'internet of things' on mobile networks

A novel technology to manage demands on mobile networks from multiple users using Terahertz frequencies has been developed by University of Leicester computer scientists.

Sam Altman, ousted pioneer of OpenAI, is serial entrepreneur

Sam Altman, the tech titan behind ChatGPT, was abruptly fired Friday by OpenAI, the company that launched the revolutionary artificial intelligence chatbot.

Gaming fans throng Seoul for League of Legends world final

Thousands of fans from around the world have descended on South Korea's capital Seoul for the League of Legends world championship final on Sunday, widely considered the Super Bowl of e-sports.

Advertisers drop X after Musk backs anti-Semitic post

An exodus of big-name advertisers appeared under way at X, formerly Twitter, on Friday in the wake of Elon Musk endorsing an anti-Semitic conspiracy theory.

'Big Three' auto employees ratify overhauled contracts: union source

Members of the United Auto Workers (UAW) have ratified the in-principle labor agreements promising sweeping pay increases that were reached with US car companies Ford, Stellantis and General Motors, a union source told AFP Saturday.

South Korea's T1 win record fourth League of Legends world title

South Korean powerhouse T1 swept aside China's Weibo Gaming on Sunday to clinch a record fourth League of Legends world championship, widely considered the Super Bowl of e-sports.

3rd release of treated water from Japan's damaged Fukushima nuclear plant ends safely, operator says

The release of a third batch of treated radioactive wastewater from Japan's damaged Fukushima nuclear plant into the Pacific Ocean ended safely as planned, its operator said Monday, as the country's seafood producers continue to suffer from a Chinese import ban imposed after the discharges began.

Microsoft hires Sam Altman, and OpenAI's new CEO vows to investigate his firing

Microsoft snapped up Sam Altman and another architect of OpenAI for a new venture after their sudden departures shocked the artificial intelligence world, leaving the newly installed CEO of the ChatGPT maker to paper over tensions by vowing to investigate Altman's firing.

Countless hours of LAPD body camera videos go unwatched. Could AI be the answer?

On any given day, Los Angeles police officers record roughly 8,000 interactions with the public on body-worn cameras. Most of the footage goes unseen.

Altman drama: twist in seven-year Microsoft, OpenAI relationship

Microsoft's hiring of ousted OpenAI CEO Sam Altman on Monday marks another twist in the seven-year-old partnership between the US giant and the startup that created ChatGPT.

What will happen when all those EV batteries reach their end of life?

The federal government and the provincial governments of Ontario and Quebec have committed tens of billions of dollars to the development of electric vehicle (EV) battery-manufacturing facilities and supply chains over the past two years.

Workers at Detroit's 'Big 3' ratify labor contract: union

Workers from Ford, General Motors and Stellantis ratified new contracts with hefty wage hikes, their union announced Monday, closing the books on an historic autoworkers strike at the three Detroit giants.

Research scientists produce a global overview of road transportation of industrial roundwood

A survey conducted by the University of Eastern Finland and a total of 34 other universities, research institutes and companies has produced a comprehensive and global overview of the road transportation of industrial roundwood.

TikTok has a startling amount of sexual content and it's way too easy for children to access, researchers say

Explicit content has long been a feature of the internet and social media, and young people's exposure to it has been a persistent concern.


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