Science X Newsletter Wed, Nov 1

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for November 1, 2023:

Technology news

	The future of AI hardware: Scientists unveil all-analog photoelectronic chip Researchers from Tsinghua University, China, have developed an all-analog photoelectronic chip that combines optical and electronic computing to achieve ultrafast and highly energy-efficient computer vision processing, surpassing digital processors.
	Salt solution cools computers, boosts performance Researchers at the City University of Hong Kong found the secret to a more efficient, less expensive approach to keeping massive computer systems cool: Just add salt.
	What's standing in the way of sustainable steel? Steel production is the surprising source of 8% of all greenhouse gases today. Most of it comes when converting iron ore into molten iron. Usually, that means with coal. Clean-burning hydrogen fuel, on the other hand, which produces only pure water as its byproduct, represents a far more sustainable alternative and would likely have been adopted long ago if not for technical challenges that continue to favor coal.
	Low-power vertical neurotransistors emulate dendritic computing of neurons An important avenue for information processing, especially at the edge of limited resources, is to develop neuromorphic devices with functions similar to biological neural networks.
	Scientists propose perovskite films homogenizing strategy to increase conversion efficiency In a study published in Nature, researchers from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have proposed a new and promising method of fabricating homogenized perovskite films for solar cells. The process involves inhibiting phase segregation caused by internal cation inhomogeneity to increase conversion efficiency to 26.1%, thus tying the existing record.
	Spotting human activity in internet usage data Most people call an internet outage an annoyance. The researchers at USC's ANT Lab (Analysis of Network Traffic) call it a data point.
	Team borrows semiconductor industry know-how to make better batteries A coating technique long used in manufacturing of computer chips can potentially enable a battery to charge many more times over its lifetime and make it much easier to manufacture. Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have successfully adapted the technique for use with solid-state batteries, which are batteries made of all solid materials.
	UK summit aims to tackle thorny issues around cutting-edge AI risks Digital officials, tech company bosses and researchers are converging Wednesday on a historic estate near London to discuss and better understand the extreme risks posed by cutting-edge artificial intelligence.
	The tech to recycle clothes is only just being invented The vast waste and pollution caused by the fashion industry has made recycling clothes a top priority, but only now are simple tasks like pulling the sole off a shoe being done by machines.
	AI anxiety as computers get super smart From Hollywood's death-dealing Terminator to warnings from genius Stephen Hawking or Silicon Valley stars, fears have been fueled that artificial intelligence (AI) could one day destroy humanity.
	'AI' named Collins Word of the Year The abbreviation of artificial intelligence (AI) has been named the Collins Word of the Year for 2023, the dictionary publisher said on Tuesday.
	Electric vehicles gain traction in Jordan as petrol prices rise Electric vehicle sales are surging in Jordan, a trend drivers and showrooms attribute to high petrol prices more than any concerns about air pollution and climate change.
	Nokia sues Amazon in US, India over video patents Finnish telecom giant Nokia said Tuesday it is suing Amazon in five global jurisdictions, including the United States and India, over patent infringements on video-related technologies.
	Scientists develop nanocellulose-based aerogel film to keep buildings cooler The global demand for cooling energy has seen a surge in the 21st century. Notably, the use of air conditioners and electric fans accounts for nearly 20% of a building's overall electricity consumption. Exploring eco-friendly and sustainable cooling technologies holds promising prospects for combating global warming and curbing energy usage.
	Researchers develop evaluation technique for radio-frequency components used in quantum computers The development of quantum computers is underway around the world, and much attention is focused on increasing the number of qubits that perform operations. On the other hand, looking at the entire system of a quantum computer, the number of RF components to control them increases in proportion to the number of qubits.
	Google's 2019 'Code Yellow' blurred line between search, ads The former head of search at Alphabet Inc."s Google told colleagues in February 2019 that his team was "getting too involved with ads for the good of the product and company," according to emails shown at the Justice Department's landmark antitrust trial against the search giant.
	Energy-cutting efforts by big firms, partners see mixed results New research from the University of Oregon and Western University has shed more light on the social effects of large corporations working directly with smaller, overseas manufacturers to make their processes more climate friendly.
	Countries at a UK summit pledge to tackle AI's potentially 'catastrophic' risks Delegates from 28 nations, including the U.S. and China, agreed Wednesday to work together to contain the potentially "catastrophic" risks posed by galloping advances in artificial intelligence.
	EU bans Meta's use of personal data for behavioral advertising The European Data Protection Board said Wednesday it had adopted a binding decision that will ban Facebook and Instagram owner Meta from using the personal data of users for targeted advertisements.
	UK, US, China sign AI safety pledge at UK summit Countries including the UK, United States and China on Wednesday agreed the "need for international action" as political and tech leaders gathered for the world's first summit on artificial intelligence (AI) safety.
	Bitcoin wins boost on hope of broader trading Bitcoin's price has risen strongly in recent weeks with the United States possibly set to allow a popular type of trading in the cryptocurrency that would further normalize the asset.
	Researchers demonstrate novel technique to observe molten salt intrusion in nuclear-grade graphite In response to a renewed international interest in molten salt reactors, researchers from the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a novel technique to visualize molten salt intrusion in graphite.
	Toward sustainable construction: Preparing liquefied stabilized soil from construction sludge The construction industry is a highly resource-intensive and polluting sector, with significant water consumption and notable contribution to environmental degradation. According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism in 2018, the Japanese construction sector discharged about 74.4 million tons of construction by-products, including 6.2 million tons of construction sludge.
	Toyota hikes annual forecast as first-half net profit doubles Toyota ramped up its annual net profit forecast to $26.1 billion on Wednesday after reporting it more than doubled in the first six months of the year.
	California jury says Tesla's Autopilot not to blame in fatal 2019 crash A California jury on Tuesday rejected a claim that a Tesla car involved in a fatal 2019 crash had a manufacturer's defect in its "Autopilot" self-driving feature, according to a court spokesperson.
	US Supreme Court weighs social media 'blocks' by public officials Can a public official block someone from their personal social media accounts?
	Google trims Bay Area jobs at offices it had leased a few years ago Google has revealed plans to trim dozens of jobs in the Bay Area in a fresh round of job cuts—but these most recent reductions represent a tiny fraction of the layoffs the tech titan had disclosed early this year.
	How to ensure Alberta's oil and gas workers have jobs during the energy transition Retraining Alberta's oil and gas workers for the solar industry costs far less than you think. The results of our new study clearly show that a rapid transition to sustainable energy production is feasible, as costs of retraining oil and gas workers are far from prohibitive.
	Biden's new executive order on AI expected to boost Silicon Valley A lengthy executive order on artificial intelligence signed Monday by President Joe Biden is expected to give a big boost to AI development in Silicon Valley.
	AP news site hit by apparent denial-of-service attack The Associated Press news website experienced an outage that appeared to be consistent with a denial-of-service attack, a federal criminal act that involves flooding a site with data in order to overwhelm it and knock it offline.
	US prosecutors brand Bankman-Fried thief in crypto trial Former cryptocurrency whiz kid Sam Bankman-Fried knowingly stole money from customers of his FTX platform, US prosecutors told a federal court in closing arguments on Wednesday.
	Regulating the manganese cathode interface of zinc-manganese batteries with a quasi-eutectic electrolyte Aqueous zinc-manganese batteries (ZMBs) are increasingly favored as a new type of safe and environmentally friendly battery. However, it has been plagued by capacity degradation induced by conventional aqueous electrolytes (e.g., 2 M zinc salts), which is mainly affected by the uncontrollable Mn dissolution/deposition interfacial reaction.
	Airbnb posts $4.4 billion 3Q profit with help from a tax break and higher-than-expected revenue Airbnb said Wednesday it earned $4.37 in the third quarter as it booked a large tax benefit and posted higher-than-expected revenue during the summer travel season.
	DoorDash orders surge 24% in the third quarter, helping the company narrow its losses DoorDash on Wednesday reported better-than-expected sales in the third quarter as it gained users and they ordered more frequently.

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