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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for October 12, 2023:

Technology news

	Highly performing metal halide perovskite solar cells fabricated in ambient air Metal halide perovskites, solution-processable materials with advantageous optoelectronic properties, have recently emerged as suitable candidates for developing photovoltaic technology. Recent studies demonstrated metal halide perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) above 25.8%, which are within the range of some solar technologies on the market today.
	Nanoelectronic device performs real-time AI classification without relying on the cloud Forget the cloud. Northwestern University engineers have developed a new nanoelectronic device that can perform accurate machine-learning classification tasks in the most energy-efficient manner yet. Using 100-fold less energy than current technologies, the device can crunch large amounts of data and perform artificial intelligence (AI) tasks in real time without beaming data to the cloud for analysis.
	Promising material provides a simple, effective method capable of extracting uranium from seawater An Australian-led international research team, including a core group of ANSTO scientists, has found that doping a promising material provides a simple, effective method capable of extracting uranium from seawater.
	New cyber algorithm shuts down malicious robotic attack Australian researchers have designed an algorithm that can intercept a man-in-the-middle (MitM) cyberattack on an unmanned military robot and shut it down in seconds.
	New AI-driven tool streamlines experiments Researchers at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have demonstrated a new approach to peer deeper into the complex behavior of materials. The team harnessed the power of machine learning to interpret coherent excitations, collective swinging of atomic spins within a system.
	Revolutionizing energy storage: Metal nanoclusters for stable lithium–sulfur batteries The demand for efficient energy storage systems is ever increasing, especially due to the recent emergence of intermittent renewable energy and the adoption of electric vehicles. In this regard, lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs), which can store three to five times more energy than traditional lithium-ion batteries, have emerged as a promising solution.
	Research unveils stretchable high-resolution user-interactive synesthesia displays for visual–acoustic encryption The future of human-machine interfaces is on the cusp of a revolution with the unveiling of a groundbreaking technology—a stretchable high-resolution multicolor synesthesia display that generates synchronized sound and light as input/output sources. A research team, led by Professor Moon Kee Choi in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at UNIST, has succeeded in developing this cutting-edge display using transfer-printing techniques, propelling the field of multifunctional displays into new realms of possibility.
	New catalyst could provide liquid hydrogen fuel of the future Researchers at Lund University in Sweden are investigating a car fuel comprised of a liquid that is converted to hydrogen by a solid catalyst. The used liquid is then emptied from the tank and charged with hydrogen, after which it can be used again in a circular system that is free from greenhouse gas emissions.
	$9.5 bn of key metals in overlooked electronic waste: UN Consumers discard or possess disused electronic goods containing raw materials critical for the green energy transition and worth almost $10 billion every year, the United Nations said on Thursday.
	Japanese automaker Toyota and energy company Idemitsu to cooperate on EV battery technology Japan's top automaker Toyota agreed Thursday to work with Idemitsu, a major Japanese oil company, on technology for mass production of solid-state batteries that promise to be a key component in future electric vehicles.
	Microsoft fights $29 bn US back tax claim The US Internal Revenue Service is asking that Microsoft pay a whopping $29 billion in unpaid taxes from 2004 to 2013, the company said in an official filing on Wednesday.
	Sony's Access controller for the PlayStation aims to make gaming easier for people with disabilities Paul Lane uses his mouth, cheek and chin to push buttons and guide his virtual car around the "Gran Turismo" racetrack on the PlayStation 5. It's how he's been playing for the past 23 years, after a car accident left him unable to use his fingers.
	Stockholm to ban gasoline and diesel cars from downtown commercial area in 2025 A ban on gasoline and diesel-fueled cars from a commercial district of Stockholm's downtown in 2025 will be the first for a European capital, a city official said Thursday.
	Study finds effects of car preheating on vehicle fuel consumption and emissions are minimal Published in Applied Energy, a new study by the University of Eastern Finland and Tampere University found that the benefits of car preheating for both fuel economy and emissions are minimal. The researchers focused on vehicle fuel consumption and emissions under cold winter conditions. Of particular interest were cold start emissions and their relation to preheating.
	A successful energy transition depends on managing when people use power. How to make demand more flexible? Energy security concerns are mounting as renewable projects and transmission lines are delayed.
	How drone submarines are turning the seabed into a future battlefield A 12-ton fishing boat weighs anchor three kilometers off the port of Adelaide. A small crew huddles over a miniature submarine, activates the controls, primes the explosives, and releases it into the water. The underwater drone uses sensors and sonar to navigate towards its pre-programmed target: the single, narrow port channel responsible for the state's core fuel supply.
	Team develops platform for design of hydropower hub buildings A research team has developed a platform based on building information modeling (BIM) technology for use in the design of hydropower hub buildings. The platform, called HydroBIM, combines BIM technology with geographic information systems, computer-aided engineering, internet of things, artificial intelligence, and other technologies. The HydroBIM platform provides a comprehensive approach to digital design, intelligent construction, and smart operation of hydropower engineering projects.
	Stronger lithium batteries may need 'weaker' solvation structure, researchers report Lithium batteries power our phones, computers, many of our cars and even our drills and weedwhackers. But as technology advances, can they keep up in their current format? No, but there is a way forward, according to a new review paper from researchers at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, by further developing the electrolytes that allow for energy storage and discharge.
	New algorithms for intelligent and efficient robot navigation among the crowd Service robots have started to appear in various daily tasks such as parcel delivery, as guide dogs for the visually impaired, as public servants at airports, or as seen in Joensuu: in the inspection of construction works. Robots are able to move in different ways: on legs, on wheels or by flying. They know the shortest or easiest route to the destination. A guide dog can search for bus schedules or even order a taxi when needed.
	Floating offshore wind could bring billions in value to the US West Coast, report shows A new report from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory shows that along a 200-mile stretch of ocean off the coast of southern Oregon and northern California, floating wind farms could potentially triple the Pacific Northwest's wind power capacity while offsetting potentially billions of dollars in costs for utilities, ratepayers, insurance companies, and others across the West who bear the cost of climate change's effects.
	AI researchers expose critical vulnerabilities within major large language models Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Bard have taken the world by storm this year, with companies investing millions to develop these AI tools, and some leading AI chatbots being valued in the billions.
	Study explores ways to make PVC windows warmer and add recyclable components PVC window frames rely on a metal scaffold for stability. But what if another strong material with lower heat conductivity was used in place of the metal? This would improve the overall thermal insulation of the window and its energy efficiency, making homes warmer and friendlier to the environment. A common manufacturing technique that could produce such alternative scaffold elements has been tested and refined in a study by Skoltech researchers, published in Materials & Design.
	Plastic production via advanced recycling lowers greenhouse gas emissions Producing new plastic by advanced recycling of post-use plastic (PUP), instead of fossil-based production, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and increase the U.S. recycling rate, according to research by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory. The life cycle analysis study appears in the November 2023 issue of Journal of Cleaner Production.
	EasyJet announces major Airbus deal as sector recovers British no-frills carrier EasyJet on Thursday said it had reached a deal worth close to $20 billion for 157 Airbus planes and alterations to a previous order with the European planemaker as the sector recovers from the pandemic.
	South Korea's Amkor opens $1.6 bn chip factory in Vietnam South Korean semiconductor giant Amkor opened a new $1.6 billion packaging factory in Vietnam on Thursday, as the Southeast Asian nation looks to cash in on the global rush for microchips.
	EU orders US biotech firms to unwind $7 bn merger The European Commission on Thursday ordered US biotech giant Illumina to unwind its $7 billion purchase of cancer test pioneer GRAIL that it argues stifles competition in a key emerging public health domain.
	Musk's X rebuffs EU on disinfo alarm over Hamas-Israel conflict Elon Musk's social media platform "X" has defended itself against claims from the European Union that it is failing to tackle disinformation around the Gaza-Israel conflict.
	EU warns TikTok over 'illegal content and disinformation' The EU's top tech enforcer, Commissioner Thierry Breton, warned TikTok on Thursday over "illegal content and disinformation" on its platform, following the bloody attack by Hamas in Israel.
	Commentary: Prime Day buyers, beware. Amazon makes it hard to find the best deals Amazon is under U.S. prosecution by the Federal Trade Commission and state attorneys general for raising consumer prices and using hardball tactics with merchants. But even if the recent lawsuit against Amazon is successful, Amazon engages in an array of manipulative practices that it can deploy without monopoly power. Like most companies, from auto dealers to banks, it employs an arsenal of tactics that exploit human psychology to steer consumers toward higher-priced items.
	150 GHz antenna-on-chip transmitter IC chip for beyond 5G/6G radio equipment NEC Corporation has developed a 150 GHz transmitter IC chip and supporting technologies in preparation for Beyond 5G and 6G mobile access radio communication systems. According to an NEC survey, this is the first demonstration of preferred beam steering performance with 4-channel Antenna-on-Chip (AoC) IC technology using On the Air (OTA) radiation pattern measurement.
	Sam Bankman-Fried's lawyer struggles in cross-examination of the government's key witness Sam Bankman-Fried's lawyer struggled through a meandering cross-examination of the FTX founder's former girlfriend Thursday, keeping both the judge and the public guessing as to the defense team's strategy in countering the testimony of the government's key witness.
	EU to investigate Musk's X for potential Hamas-Israel conflict disinfo The European Commission said Thursday it is opening an investigation into Elon Musk's social media platform X, formerly Twitter, to determine if it has allowed the spread of disinformation about the conflict in the Middle East.
	Delta profits jump as international travel stays strong Delta Air Lines reported surging quarterly earnings amid persistently strong demand, while acknowledging a drag from strikes in the US auto and entertainment sectors.

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