Science X Newsletter Thu, Oct 5

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for October 5, 2023:

Technology news

	AI approach yields 'athletically intelligent' robotic dog Someday, when quakes, fires, and floods strike, the first responders might be packs of robotic rescue dogs rushing in to help stranded souls. These battery-powered quadrupeds would use computer vision to size up obstacles and employ doglike agility skills to get past them.
	Mitigating electrode-level heterogeneity using phosphorus nanolayers on graphite for fast-charging batteries In a major stride toward achieving fast-charging lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with reliable cyclability, researchers at UNIST have made a groundbreaking discovery. Their study, published in ACS Energy Letters, introduces a novel strategy of utilizing phosphorus nanolayers to enhance the lithiation kinetics and performance of graphite-based composites, without compromising safety.
	Bio-inspired battery design: Research uses electrolyte methylation to improve flexible sodium-ion batteries Flexible aqueous batteries, such as those used in portable electronics, often contain a hydrogel electrolyte containing water and salt. Using a chemical modification inspired by nature, a team of Chinese researchers have now significantly increased the salt stability of hydrogels used in sodium-ion batteries. A simple methylation of the hydrogel's structural polymer prevented salting-out and improved battery capacity and cycling performance, the team report in the journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
	Superconducting niobium waveguide achieves high-precision communications for B5G/6G networks A team of researchers has made a breakthrough discovery in the world of Beyond 5G/6G (B5G/6G) signal transmission. Taku Nakajima and Kazuji Suzuki of Nagoya University in Japan, along with their collaborators, created a waveguide made of niobium that speeds up the transition of B5G/6G signals. The researchers published their findings in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
	Green hydrogen could reach economic viability through the co-production of valuable chemicals It already works: there are several approaches to using solar energy to split water and produce hydrogen. Unfortunately, this "green" hydrogen has so far been more expensive than "gray" hydrogen from natural gas.
	New technique based on 18th-century mathematics shows simpler AI models don't need deep learning Researchers from the University of Jyväskylä were able to simplify the most popular technique of artificial intelligence, deep learning, using 18th-century mathematics. They also found that classical training algorithms that date back 50 years work better than the more recently popular techniques. Their simpler approach advances green IT and is easier to use and understand.
	Researchers train AI with reinforcement learning to defeat champion Street Fighter players Researchers from the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) have successfully applied reinforcement learning to a video game problem. The research team created a new complicated movement design software based on an approach that has proven effective in board games like Chess and Go. In a single testing, the movements from the new approach appeared to be superior to those of top human players.
	New energy-storing material could also be used to build electronic gadgets Picture a smartphone clad in a casing that's not just for protection but also doubles as a reservoir of electricity, or an electric car where the doors and floorboard store energy to propel it forward. Such technologies may one day be a reality, thanks to recent work by engineers at the University of California San Diego.
	Musk's X strips headlines from news links Elon Musk's social media platform X has stripped headlines from news articles shared by users, in a move likely to further worsen relations with media groups.
	Hyundai, Kia electric vehicles to use Tesla's NACS charging ports starting next year Hyundai and Kia say that they're adopting North American Charging Standard ports for their electric vehicles in the U.S. and Canada, which will give the vehicles access to thousands of Tesla Superchargers across the two countries and Mexico.
	Tricky tangles: Robots learn to navigate vine-like vegetation Robots are often found in very controlled, indoor environments because, unlike in a natural environment, there are no tripping hazards to overcome. However, in order to perform important tasks like environmental monitoring or search and rescue, robots must be able to navigate through branches and vines without getting tied up.
	Should you charge your phone overnight? Will 'overcharging' make it explode? Common battery myths debunked In the world of lithium-ion batteries, smartphones take center stage. Yet they've also sparked an ongoing debate: does prolonged (or overnight) charging wreak havoc on your battery?
	HVAC algorithm can provide thermal comfort for building occupants, with a smaller carbon footprint As organizations work to reduce their energy consumption and associated carbon emissions, one area that remains to be optimized is indoor heating and cooling. In fact, HVAC—which stands for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning—represents, on average, about 40% of a building's total energy use. Methods that conserve electricity while still providing a comfortable indoor environment for workers could make a significant difference in the fight against climate change.
	European companies sold spyware to despots: media European companies sold powerful spyware to authoritarian regimes which have used it against dissenters, a group of investigative media said Thursday.
	Despite layoffs, Epic Games CEO still believes in the metaverse. But should he? Epic Games CEO Tim Sweeney imagines the future of his Cary, North Carolina-based company will exist in the metaverse.
	Researchers develop AI solutions for inclusion of Arabic and its dialects in Natural Language Processing A group of researchers and engineers from the University of Sharjah have developed a deep learning system to utilize the Arabic language and its varieties in applications related to Natural Language Processing (NLP), an interdisciplinary subfield of linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence.
	Researchers develop a PEMFC battery configuration that is 10% more efficient A team at the Department of Energy Engineering of the University of Seville have carried out experimental research focusing on the dynamic behavior of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell battery (PEMFC) for different reagent input/output configurations. Their results, published in the journal Energy, show that the most effective configuration can obtain up to 10% more than other options.
	Why Lego's abandoned plan to use recycled plastic bottles is a wake-up call for supply chain sustainability Lego, the world's largest toy manufacturer, has built a reputation not only for the durability of its bricks, designed to last for decades, but also for its substantial investment in sustainability. The company has pledged US$1.4 billion to reduce carbon emissions by 2025, despite netting annual profits of just over $2 billion in 2022.
	Q&A: Anthropologist discusses why we are so tempted to treat AI as 'god-like' As artificial intelligence apps such as ChatGPT have proliferated, so have chatbots with a religious bent. People facing a moral or ethical dilemma can submit their questions to these chatbots, which then provide an answer based on the religious texts fed to them or crowd-sourced data.
	A cellulose-based thickener to reduce environmental risks of liquefied stabilized soil In many regions across the globe, rapid economic growth has increased the industrial waste generated from construction sites. The environmentally responsible disposal of this waste is a challenge. However, governments are now enacting stricter laws to prevent waste generation and ensure proper disposal of such waste.
	Nonprofit service provider Blackbaud settles data breach case for $49.5M with states The fundraising software company Blackbaud agreed Thursday to pay $49.5 million to settle claims brought by the attorneys general of all 50 states related to a 2020 data breach that exposed sensitive information from 13,000 nonprofits.
	Fukushima nuclear plant starts 2nd release of treated radioactive wastewater into the sea Japan's wrecked Fukushima nuclear power plant said it began releasing a second batch of treated radioactive wastewater into the sea on Thursday after the first round of discharges ended smoothly.
	Disgraced crypto king pleads 'good faith' in US fraud trial Two visions of Sam Bankman-Fried, the disgraced crypto king, clashed in a New York courtroom on Wednesday in the opening arguments of his blockbuster trial for fraud.
	AT&T and Gallaudet University unveil a football helmet for deaf and hard of hearing quarterbacks AT&T and Gallaudet University have developed a football helmet for players who are deaf or hard of hearing and communicate using American Sign Language.
	Media entrepreneur unites young activists with power brokers for fight to make social media safe A media entrepreneur is trying to connect young people disturbed by the impact of social media on mental health with older power players to fight for change in how tech companies do business.
	Iraqis marvel at ancient Iraq in new 'Assassin's Creed' game Iraqi gamers celebrated the release Thursday of the latest installment of the "Assassin's Creed" action-adventure saga, set in ninth century Baghdad during the Abbasid Caliphate.
	Vietnam EV maker VinFast reports jump in Q3 revenue Vietnamese electric vehicle maker VinFast on Thursday reported a 159 percent jump in third-quarter revenue, mainly thanks to a huge rise in vehicle sales.
	Opinion: NZ's political leaders are ignoring the mounting threats from AI, and that's putting everyone at risk As the 2023 election campaign enters its final days, there is an elephant in the room that politicians seem keen to ignore: the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and what it will mean for New Zealand's economy, politics and society.
	Stop digital criminals with basic cyber hygiene practices, says expert Amid an escalating global cybercrime bill—now estimated at US$8 trillion a year—cybersecurity experts are calling for a new, more transparent, and collective approach to address cyberattacks.

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