Science X Newsletter Tue, Oct 24

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for October 24, 2023:

Technology news

	New design solves stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells Researchers at EPFL and Northwestern University have unveiled a groundbreaking design for perovskite solar cells, creating one of the most stable PSCs with a power-conversion efficiency above 25%, paving the way for future commercialization.
	Robots learn faster with AI boost from Eureka Intelligent robots are reshaping our universe. In New Jersey's Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, AI-assisted robots are bringing a new level of security to doctors and patients by scanning every inch of the premises for harmful bacteria and viruses and disinfecting them with precise doses of germicidal ultraviolet light.
	Researchers create magnetic microrobots that work together to assemble objects in 3D environments For the first time ever, researchers at the Surgical Robotics Laboratory of the University of Twente successfully made two microrobots work together to pick up, move and assemble passive objects in 3D environments. This achievement opens new horizons for promising biomedical applications.
	Solar farms in space are possible, say scientists It's viable to produce low-cost, lightweight solar panels that can generate energy in space, according to new research from the Universities of Surrey and Swansea.
	Researchers seek to make solar energy and agricultural production more compatible with agrivoltaics Scientists with Texas A&M AgriLife are actively contributing to the growing body of research focused on agrivoltaics—an innovative technology with the potential to enhance the efficiency and resiliency of sustainable food and agricultural systems while feeding the state's growing demand for energy.
	Team creates 3D-printed aluminum alloy with unprecedented fatigue resistance It is estimated that more than 80% of engineering failures are due to material fatigue, so the fight against metal fatigue failures continues, as this is a key parameter for lightweight structures for all mechanical systems, such as aircraft, automobile and energy-production systems.
	Researchers show ChatGPT, other AI tools can be manipulated to produce malicious code Artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT can be tricked into producing malicious code, which could be used to launch cyber attacks, according to research from the University of Sheffield.
	Scientists synthesize cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries at relatively low temperatures Layered lithium cobalt oxide, a key component of lithium-ion batteries, has been synthesized at temperatures as low as 300°C and durations as short as 30 minutes.
	Spotify swings to profit as user numbers grow Music streaming giant Spotify on Tuesday said it registered 26 percent growth in active users for the third quarter as it reported a rare quarterly profit.
	X/Twitter: Imposing a $1 bot tax on new customers will only make the platform's problems worse X, formerly known as Twitter, is testing a subscription plan called "Not a Bot" of US$1 equivalent per annum in New Zealand and the Philippines. Those who don't subscribe will still be able to log in to view content and follow other accounts, but won't be able to interact through tweeting, liking, sharing or bookmarking content. The plan is limited to new accounts and only the browser version of the platform, as opposed to the mobile app.
	Dozens of US states sue Meta over harm to children Dozens of US states on Tuesday accused Facebook and Instagram owner Meta of profiting "from children's pain," damaging their mental health and misleading people about the safety of its platforms.
	Let the community work it out: Throwback to early internet days could fix social media's crisis of legitimacy In the 2018 documentary "The Cleaners," a young man in Manila, Philippines, explains his work as a content moderator: "We see the pictures on the screen. You then go through the pictures and delete those that don't meet the guidelines. The daily quota of pictures is 25,000." As he speaks, his mouse clicks, deleting offending images while allowing others to remain online.
	Climate change: Kenya's power sector is a shining example, with the big hurdles being household and transport emissions Kenya's ambition is to reduce carbon emissions by one-third by 2030, relative to the business-as-usual scenario of 143 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. It also seeks to reduce carbon emissions to as close to zero as possible by 2050. How and whether these goals are achieved will have huge implications for the country's economic development.
	What happens if neurotechnology learns to read our minds? Advancements in neurotechnology could be at a turning point, but the new technology threatens to breach even the privacy of our brains. Looking at a recent case on this issue in the Supreme Court in Chile, Sydney Law School research addresses the need for Australia to protect our human rights and to reconsider many areas of law.
	Research says emergence of 'local energy communities' likely, but pricing will need to be determined The Norwegian government's new sharing scheme for self-generated, renewable energy, which came into force on 1 October, represents one of many steps on the road to local electricity sharing. The scheme enables electricity customers in housing cooperatives, multi-person dwellings and business premises to share the electricity they generate from installations such as solar panels. It will also enable them to avoid paying grid tariffs and other charges for their electricity consumption.
	Researchers create protocol to test AI debiasing methods A research team led by Brock University has developed a way to help programmers evaluate the robustness of debiasing methods on language models such as ChatGPT, which help to distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate speech as artificial intelligence (AI) generates text.
	Apple AirTags can track a lost suitcase, but slow to alert for stalking, researchers say Apple AirTags are great for keeping track of your wallet or phone.
	Green dreams: Algae biorefineries could help in the race to net zero The world is looking for new solutions to address the challenges we're facing in the race to net zero. Things we rely on each day, like transport, agriculture and plastics are significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions.
	California suspends tests of GM's Cruise self-driving car California authorities on Tuesday suspended testing of Cruise driverless cars put to work in the US state as robotaxis by General Motors, citing safety concerns following a series of accidents and other problems.
	Microsoft profits beat expectations, cloud business heats up Tech giant Microsoft said Tuesday its profits rose in the latest quarter, boosted by its strength in the closely watched cloud services segment.
	How can social media be better? Four researchers compare strategies Major platform social media is in an upheaval. Bluesky and Meta's Threads want to be Twitter. LinkedIn's influence is rising. Meanwhile, Twitter has become X. And X wants to be an everything app—possibly including job listings, payment and ride-hailing—even as advertising revenue flounders. Amid this, op-ed after op-ed announces the impending death of social media.
	Researchers speed up design of next-gen biomedical implants, aerospace materials From bone-like medical implants to stronger, more fuel-efficient aircraft parts, advanced structural materials can take a long time to move from laboratories to industrial applications—but researchers at the University of Toronto are harnessing the power of machine learning to fast-track that process.
	A medium-voltage string inverter for photovoltaics The Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE has developed and successfully commissioned the world's first medium-voltage string inverter for large-scale power plants. By feeding power into the medium-voltage grid, the "MS-LeiKra" project team has demonstrated that PV inverters are technically capable of handling higher voltage levels.
	Google Maps disables live traffic data in Israel, Gaza at Israeli military's request Alphabet Inc."s Google is disabling live traffic conditions in Israel and the Gaza Strip for its Maps and Waze apps at the request of the Israeli military, ahead of a potential ground invasion into Gaza.
	General Motors profits top estimates on limited Q3 strike hit General Motors reported better-than-expected quarterly profits Tuesday behind strong US sales and a limited impact from a labor strike that began late in the quarter.
	US auto union expands strike after GM profits top estimates The US auto workers union announced Tuesday it had extended its strike to a giant General Motors truck plant as it called on the company to sweeten a pay offer in light of strong quarterly profits.
	Researchers propose lasers as a viable alternative to high-temperature roasting for smelting zinc One of the leading causes of pollution in China is the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, which processes heavy metals for use in a variety of industries. In an effort to meet China's goals of carbon neutrality before 2060, researchers are studying how to reduce carbon emissions in this vital industry. In a recently published paper, researchers propose smelting zinc with lasers instead of traditional high-temperature roasting and electrolysis.

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