Science X Newsletter Tue, Oct 31

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for October 31, 2023:

Technology news

	Study identifies human–AI interaction scenarios that lead to information cocoons The widespread use of AI algorithms, particularly algorithms designed to recommend content and products to users based on their previous activity online, has led to the rise of new phenomena known as social media echo chambers and information cocoons. These phenomena pose limitations in the information presented to users online, prompting them to only read content that resonates with their outlook on life, views and opinions.
	Researchers use AI to make mobile networks more efficient A new artificial intelligence (AI) model, developed by the University of Surrey, could help the UK's telecommunications network save up to 76% in network resources compared to the market's most robust Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) system—and improve the environmental sustainability of mobile networks by using less energy.
	Just like your brain, ChatGPT solves problems better when it slows down When presented with a problem, your brain has two ways to proceed: quickly and intuitively or slowly and methodically. These two types of processing are known as System 1 and System 2, or as the Nobel Prize-winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman memorably described them, "fast" and "slow" thinking.
	Research team develops fast-charging hybrid microbial fuel cell and CO2 electrolyzer based on formic acid Formic acid, which can be produced electrochemically from carbon dioxide, is a promising energy carrier. A Chinese research team has now developed a fast-charging hybrid battery system that combines the electrochemical generation of formic acid as an energy carrier with a microbial fuel cell.
	Quantum dot surface stabilization strategy offers both efficiency and stability in next-gen solar cells A research team has proposed a new surface stabilization strategy that maximizes stability and efficiency by effectively reducing defects in the surface of perovskite quantum dots.
	Developing batteries with 10 times the energy storage To meet the rising global demand for electric vehicles, we need new and improved batteries. One promising candidate are all-solid-state lithium sulfur batteries. They can store nearly 10 times the amount of energy as traditional lithium-ion batteries, according to researcher Justin Kim.
	A surprising finding shows that light can make water evaporate without heat could enable new approaches to desalination Evaporation is happening all around us all the time, from the sweat cooling our bodies to the dew burning off in the morning sun. But science's understanding of this ubiquitous process may have been missing a piece all this time.
	China's electric bus revolution glides on On a rainy afternoon in Shenzhen, damp passengers jostle their way onto the megacity's buses, the quiet foot soldiers of an electric revolution for coal-guzzling China's public transport network.
	Charging ahead: Dutch eye boost to 'fast charger' EV network At a service station near Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport, a steady stream of motorists charge up their electric vehicles at "ultra-fast" power points. The whole process takes less than 20 minutes.
	Samsung Electronics says Q3 operating profits down but flags 2024 chip recovery South Korea's Samsung Electronics said Tuesday that its operating profits for the July to September period were down nearly 80 percent, but forecast that a prolonged slump in the memory chip market was coming to an end.
	Why Meta could struggle to defend itself against state lawsuits over alleged harm to kids In what could be a landmark moment in the world of tech, attorneys general in 41 states and Washington, D.C., are suing Meta for knowingly endangering children and getting them addicted to Facebook and Instagram, despite statements to the contrary.
	Toyota more than doubles investment and job creation at North Carolina battery plant Toyota will invest an additional $8 billion in the hybrid and electric vehicle battery factory it's constructing in North Carolina, more than doubling its prior investments and expected number of new jobs, the company announced Tuesday.
	Hey, Siri: Moderate AI voice speed encourages digital assistant use, study finds Voice speed and interaction style may determine whether a user sees a digital assistant like Alexa or Siri as a helpful partner or something to control, according to a team led by Penn State researchers. The findings reveal insights into the parasocial, or one-sided, relationships that people can form with digital assistants, according to the researchers.
	Q&A: Biden's executive order on AI brings awareness to emerging technology but lacks enforcement mechanism President Joe Biden has issued a sweeping executive order aimed at steering the development of artificial intelligence technologies. It's the first order of its kind to come out of the federal government directly related to regulating the emerging technology.
	The US just issued the world's strongest action yet on regulating AI. Here's what to expect On Monday US President Joe Biden released a wide ranging and ambitious executive order on artificial intelligence (AI)—catapulting the US to the front of conversations about regulating AI.
	Replacing front-line workers with AI can be a bad idea. Here's why AI chatbots are already widely used by businesses to greet customers and answer their questions—either over the phone or on websites. Some companies have found that they can, to some extent, replace humans with machines in call center roles.
	AI could be used to develop bioweapons if not regulated urgently, says new report A new report from the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) is calling on governments to take urgent steps to manage the threat of artificial intelligence developed "global biological catastrophe."
	Biden approves largest offshore wind project in US history President Joe Biden's administration on Tuesday approved a plan to build the United States' largest ever offshore wind farm, which would power hundreds of thousands of homes with clean energy.
	Gallaudet has a history of technological innovation with wide applications. The latest is a helmet Shelby Bean could not help but feel a bit jealous.
	AI data fusion could boost sustainability A new framework that combines artificial intelligence (AI) and data fusion techniques could improve product inspection for sustainability and within the context of the so-called circular economy, according to research published in the International Journal of Sustainable Manufacturing. This work could help address the demands for environmental responsibility across various industries.
	The wake effect: Offshore wind farms can 'steal' wind from one another Offshore wind farms can reduce the availability of downstream wind resources of other farms by as much as 20% within 50 kilometers, due to so-called wake effects. "Wake effect" is the turbulence that occurs in the wake of a wind turbine when the wind passes through it. This turbulence will reduce production for affected turbines in the wake. This result been shown by interdisciplinary research from the University of Bergen (UiB).
	Training underwater robots to find charging stations on the seabed NTNU's largest laboratory—the Trondheim fjord—is something of an El Dorado for researchers developing underwater robots. A charging station has been installed on the seabed, and to ensure the robots can find the shortest route to the charging station, they train in the fjord.
	Research team develops an AI model for effectively removing biases in a dataset The research team of Professor Sang-hyun Park, at Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology's (DGIST) Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, has developed a new image translation model that could effectively reduce biases in data.
	Wearable heart monitor ticks all the boxes for better health care, says study A new compact, lightweight, gel-free and waterproof electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor offers more comfort and less skin irritation, compared to similar heart monitoring devices on the market.
	Improving the world á la Silicon Valley: An analysis of solutionist ethic and the spirit of digital capitalism How strongly are the ideas of Mark Zuckerberg or Elon Musk influencing today's digital economy? An economic sociologist at the University of Basel has analyzed speeches, book contributions and articles from Silicon Valley, demonstrating the emergence of a new spirit of digital capitalism.
	Improved wind speed forecasts can help urban power generation, according to new research Wind-generated electricity will play a vital role in global energy capacity as humanity pivots away from fossil fuels towards renewables. Wind speed is a key parameter in estimating wind energy potentials in a location. But predicting wind speed is a difficult task. That presents a challenge for utilities that need to rely on reliable estimates to power their grids.
	Human input boosts citizens' acceptance of AI and perceptions of fairness, study shows Increasing human input when AI is used for public services boosts acceptance of the technology, a new study shows.
	Stellantis beats forecasts despite US strike Stellantis beat analyst forecasts with a jump in third quarter sales despite the automaker acknowledging Tuesday the strike by its US workers cost $3.2 billion in lost revenue.
	Vodafone sells Spain unit for up to 5.0 bn euros British mobile phone giant Vodafone announced Tuesday the sale of its Spanish division to investment fund Zegona for up to 5.0 billion euros ($5.3 billion), as part of an ongoing overhaul.
	Ex-Amazonian critical of return-to-office mandate says she was forced out Standing outside Amazon's Seattle headquarters in May, Pamela Hayter told her colleagues she wasn't nervous.
	Assessing permanent damage to self-healing polymers in soft robots A new study assesses the maximum number of damage and healing cycles a self-healing actuator can endure. The study, which presents a method to automatically and autonomously assess the repeatable healability of a soft self-healing actuator, is published in the journal Robotics Reports.
	Antitrust trial pits JetBlue against Biden administration Midsized carrier JetBlue began squaring off in court Tuesday against the US Department of Justice in a closely-watched challenge to the Biden administration's antitrust policy.
	Bankman-Fried struggles in final day of court testimony Former crypto tycoon Sam Bankman-Fried struggled on Tuesday to explain his behavior during the last days of his FTX empire, as prosecutors shone a light on his willingness to take massive risks.

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