Science X Newsletter Fri, Feb 9

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 9, 2024:

Technology news

	A new high-concentration solid polymer electrolyte for high-voltage lithium-metal batteries Lithium-metal batteries, which contain anodes based on metallic lithium, are promising rechargeable batteries that could help to meet the growing demands of the electronics industry. These batteries have various advantages, including high energy density and fast charging times.
	A self-discovery approach: DeepMind framework allows LLMs to find and use task-intrinsic reasoning structures A team of AI researchers at Google's DeepMind project, working with a colleague from the University of Southern California, has developed a vehicle for allowing large language models (LLMs) to find and use task-intrinsic reasoning structures as a means for improving returned results.
	Rumors swirl over bitcoin inventor Nakamoto's identity An Australian man went on trial in London this week over his claims of inventing bitcoin—not the first time someone has been linked to being the cryptocurrency's enigmatic creator.
	OpenAI chief looking to raise trillions to reshape semiconductor sector: WSJ OpenAI chief Sam Altman is seeking to raise trillions of dollars to reshape the global semiconductor industry, and has held talks with potential investors including the UAE government, the Wall Street Journal reported Thursday.
	Biden administration announces $5 billion commitment for research and development of computer chips The Biden administration on Friday announced the investment of $5 billion in a newly established public-private consortium aimed at supporting research and development in advanced computer chips.
	A mechanical engineer explains why Finnish airline Finnair is weighing passengers Finnish airline Finnair this week instituted a new voluntary policy whereby it is now weighing passengers in addition to their luggage.
	Cybercriminals are creating their own AI chatbots to support hacking and scam users Artificial intelligence (AI) tools aimed at the general public, such as ChatGPT, Bard, CoPilot and Dall-E have incredible potential to be used for good.
	Hazard training for mobility scooter users virtually non-existent despite facing regular risks Despite being vulnerable road users, motorized mobility scooter users receive virtually no training about the types of hazards they face that might put them at risk—from designs of road crossings they find difficult to navigate, to obstacles on roads and pavements.
	New report into Turkey–Syria earthquakes uncovers deficiencies in building structures, construction shortcuts A new, independent field investigation into the aftermath of the Turkey–Syria earthquakes has found that a drive for profit has pushed all players within the construction industry to take shortcuts, with building stock primarily made of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures, being the main cause of the casualties.
	EU court rejects TikTok bid to suspend tough curbs Social media TikTok on Friday lost a court bid to suspend strict new EU rules designating it a market "gatekeeper", pending a final ruling on the video-sharing app's legal challenge to the law.
	ESA shipping container's laser link to space ESA's very latest laboratory extension is portable in nature: Hosted within a standard shipping container, this ESA Transportable Optical Ground Station, ETOGS, can be transported all across Europe as needed, to perform laser-based optical communications with satellites—including NASA's Psyche mission, millions of kilometers away in space.
	Innovations in depth from focus/defocus pave the way to more capable computer vision systems In several applications of computer vision, such as augmented reality and self-driving cars, estimating the distance between objects and the camera is an essential task. Depth from focus/defocus is one of the techniques that achieve such a process using the blur in the images as a clue. Depth from focus/defocus usually requires a stack of images of the same scene taken with different focus distances, a technique known as "focal stack."
	New glass-ceramic composite shows promise for safer storage of nuclear waste A new glass-ceramic composite shows great promise for the safer storage of nuclear waste. "Simply put, we want to find the best candidate for containing nuclear waste," explains Mehrnaz Mikhchian, a University of Saskatchewan Ph.D. student who has published findings following a year-long study.
	A 20 kW laser system for producing high-purity crystals High-purity semiconductor crystals are required for power electronics in electric cars or in photovoltaics. When such crystals reach a diameter of 2 inches, they become relevant for industrial applications.
	Quiet revolution? UK sees new breed of 'green' narrowboats Motoring down the Staffordshire & Worcestershire Canal in England's West Midlands, Neil Cocksedge's narrowboat at first sight looks like most other vessels plying the country's famous network of scenic inland waterways.
	Transforming the future of media with artificial intelligence With the ability to analyze large datasets to identify patterns and predict outcomes, all at the click of a button, artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing how we live and work. From offering personalized recommendations to automating tedious tasks, AI can help us make better decisions, work smarter and reduce the likelihood of errors.
	Hong Kong researcher recycles textile waste for 'building clothing' as thermal insulation Textiles account for 10% of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, while 85% of textile waste is simply sent to landfill or incinerated. Buildings in Hong Kong generate 60% of CO2 emissions and air conditioners consume 30% of energy. Therefore, providing an attractive technology to recycle textile waste and save building energy simultaneously holds high promise for carbon reduction.
	A former TikTok executive sues the company, alleging gender and age discrimination A former TikTok executive has filed a lawsuit against the social media platform, alleging she was retaliated against and fired from her position because the company's owners in China determined she "lacked the docility and meekness" required of female employees.

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