Science X Newsletter Wed, Feb 28

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 28, 2024:

Technology news

	Reducing halide segregation in wide-bandgap mixed-halide perovskite solar cells using redox mediators Multi-junction solar cells, solar cells comprised of many individual semiconductor junctions stacked together, have the potential of outperforming single-junction solar cells both in terms of efficiency and stability. In recent years, material scientists and engineers have been trying to identify viable material combinations for fabricating these solar cells.
	Scientists propose anti-fatigue preparation for 3D-printed titanium alloy A research team led by Profs. Zhang Zhefeng and Zhang Zhenjun from the Institute of Metal Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has proposed an innovative strategy to fabricate an anti-fatigue 3D-printed titanium alloy by separately regulating their microstructure and defects, called as net-additive manufacturing preparation (NAMP).
	Study unlocks nanoscale secrets for designing next-generation solar cells Perovskites, a broad class of compounds with a particular kind of crystal structure, have long been seen as a promising alternative or supplement to today's silicon or cadmium telluride solar panels. They could be far more lightweight and inexpensive, and could be coated onto virtually any substrate, including paper or flexible plastic that could be rolled up for easy transport.
	Scientists develop liquid metal-embraced photoactive films for artificial photosynthesis Solar-driven photocatalytic or photoelectrochemical water splitting holds great promise for direct solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion, especially in the context of the carbon-neutral initiative, while its practical applications hinge on significant advances in the scalable production of robust and efficient photoactive films.
	Researchers design open-source AI algorithms to protect power grid from fluctuations caused by renewables and EVs In order to prevent power grid failure in a society where electrification is supplied increasingly by variable sources like solar and wind, researchers in Sweden report the development of artificial intelligence algorithms intended to react swiftly when the network's voltage balance is threatened.
	Online toxicity can only be countered by humans and machines working together, say researchers Wading through the staggering amount of social media content being produced every second to find the nastiest bits is no task for humans alone.
	Grand Theft Auto and AI help team turn dog pics into 3D models Photographs of dogs could soon be used to help generate 3D models more accurately than ever before—thanks to an award-winning study from the University of Surrey and the famous video game Grand Theft Auto.
	Data leaks can sink machine learning models When developing machine learning models to find patterns in data, researchers across fields typically use separate data sets for model training and testing, which allows them to measure how well their trained models do with new, unseen data. But, due to human error, that line sometimes is inadvertently blurred and data used to test how well the model performs bleeds into data used to train it.
	Nissan plans self-driving taxi service in Japan Nissan is planning to launch a self-driving taxi service in Japan in the financial year starting April 2027, the auto giant said Wednesday.
	Microsoft's GitHub offers companies souped-up AI coding tool Microsoft Corp.'s GitHub is releasing a pricier paid version of its artificial intelligence software development tool that can answer questions based on a company's own programming code, a feature designed to help new engineers get up to speed and enable veteran coders to work faster.
	Scientists develop a high-precision router Your next router will know where you're sitting. A team of researchers from two Madrid universities—Polytechnic (UPM) and Carlos III (UC3M)—has developed a prototype router with high positioning accuracy that allows them to know the exact location of a mobile phone.
	Cutting-edge grid planning tools drive India's distributed energy future India has set a goal of adding 450 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy to its power system by 2030. By the same year, the country also plans to achieve 40% renewable electricity capacity.
	Bitcoin tops $60,000, approaches all-time high Bitcoin passed the $60,000 mark on Wednesday, approaching its all-time high and continuing its unbridled rise since the approval of a new type of investment indexed to the cryptocurrency.
	Zuckerberg meets LG, Samsung chiefs in Seoul as Meta ramps up AI ambitions Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg discussed cooperation on extended reality devices with LG Electronics executives on Wednesday as part of his visit to South Korea that highlights Meta's ambitions in artificial intelligence.
	Researchers found 37 mine sites in Australia that could be converted into renewable energy storage The world is rapidly moving towards a renewable energy future. To support the transition, we must prepare backup energy supplies for times when solar panels and wind turbines are not producing enough electricity.
	US looks at regulating connected vehicles to prevent abusers from tracking victims The agency that regulates U.S. telecommunications is considering a rule that could stop domestic abusers from tracking victims through vehicles that are connected wirelessly.
	Apple abandons electric car plans: media Apple has abandoned its ambitions to produce an electric car, US media reported Tuesday, ending a struggling decade-long project.
	AI the new obsession for venture capital investing After the earthquake of ChatGPT's phenomenal success a year ago, Silicon Valley investors have gone into overdrive with artificial intelligence, looking for the newest blockbuster idea in an ocean of hype and overpromising.
	A small drone flies into a damaged Fukushima nuclear reactor for the first time to study melted fuel A drone small enough to fit in one's hand flew inside one of the damaged reactors at Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant Wednesday in hopes it can examine some of the molten fuel debris in areas where earlier robots failed to reach.
	OpenAI seeks dismissal of parts of NY Times copyright suit OpenAI asked a US judge to dismiss several elements of a lawsuit brought by The New York Times, which accuses the ChatGPT creator of using millions of articles for training without permission.
	Scalable photoelectrochemical system for solar hydrogen possible, if made from efficient all-perovskite materials Our recent article published in Nature Energy relates our first attempt at the development of a scalable photoelectrochemical (PEC) system to produce green hydrogen.
	Nvidia's $70 million Florida supercomputer hobbled by DeSantis law When Chris Malachowsky, a billionaire co-founder of chip giant Nvidia Corp., bankrolled one of the world's biggest supercomputers at the University of Florida, Ron DeSantis predicted the machine would be a magnet for artificial intelligence talent.
	Airlines had their safest year on record in 2023: IATA Last year was the safest ever for commercial air travel, despite a massive rebound in passenger flights, an airline industry group said Wednesday.
	Google CEO slams 'completely unacceptable' Gemini AI errors Google CEO Sundar Pichai on Tuesday slammed "completely unacceptable" errors by its Gemini AI app, after gaffes such as images of ethnically diverse World War II Nazi troops forced it to stop users from creating pictures of people.
	A survey on federated learning: A perspective from multi-party computation Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a popular machine learning paradigm which allows multiple data owners to train models collaboratively without sharing their raw datasets. It holds potential for a wide spectrum of analytics applications on sensitive data.
	Prospects for battery recycling in Latin America Reuse and recycling are core elements of a sustainable approach to used lithium-ion batteries in Latin America. This is essential to conserve valuable resources and avoid climate-damaging greenhouse gas emissions. The application of tried-and-proven best practices here would potentially avoid the disposal of up to two million tons of batteries as waste and enable up to 2.8 million tons to be recycled in the region by 2050.
	Zero-emission ship nears finish of round-the-world voyage A ship powered by renewable energy, including hydrogen produced onboard, is docked in the southeastern US state of Florida this week as it prepares to finish the last leg of a voyage around the world.
	US to limit sale of personal data to foreign adversaries President Joe Biden is set to issue an executive order Wednesday aimed at limiting the flow of sensitive US personal data abroad due to concerns of misuse by countries including China.
	Shedding light on the intricacies of numerical simulations of soil behavior A solid understanding of soil mechanics and behavior is one of the fundamental pillars of geotechnical engineering. The stability and resilience of many modern geotechnical structures, including building foundations, dams, bridges, and embankments, rely on appropriate modeling based on accurate measurements of soil properties.

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