Science X Newsletter Fri, Feb 16

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 16, 2024:

Technology news

	OpenAI reveals Sora, a tool to make instant videos from written prompts The maker of ChatGPT on Thursday unveiled its next leap into generative artificial intelligence with a tool that instantly makes short videos in response to written commands.
	Electrification or hydrogen? Both have distinct roles in the European energy transition A study, published in One Earth, is the first to analyze the interplay of electrification and hydrogen in EU climate neutrality scenarios at greater sectoral detail. The analysis shows higher potential for electrification and identifies a more confined deployment range for hydrogen-based energy than earlier studies.
	Computer scientists develop model that explains how collective scenarios such as diseases may proceed It is winter, the typical time for colds. What if you could simulate how the disease may spread? At the Cluster of Excellence Collective Behavior at the University of Konstanz, Julia Klein, a doctoral student in computer science, and colleagues investigated how using strict, rule-based methods can help better estimate the parameters for Markov chains. The findings are published in the journal PLOS ONE.
	Apple's Keyframer can animate simple drawings using text descriptions Machine learning researchers at Apple have developed an application that can accept a simple drawing and a text description to animate the drawing in desired ways. Tiffany Tseng, Ruijia Cheng and Jeffrey Nichols have published a paper describing the new app, called Keyframer, on the arXiv preprint server.
	A geothermal-powered, climate-friendly way to capture carbon dioxide in the air In a new study, researchers have developed a method for capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, powered by clean and relatively inexpensive geothermal energy.
	Taiwan chipmaker TSMC stock surges after Morgan Stanley raises price target on Nvidia Taiwan's Taiex benchmark index jumped 3% to a record high on Thursday, buoyed by a surge in the share price of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, the world's biggest maker of computer chips.
	EU rules policing digital content kick in Saturday Digital companies will have nowhere to hide after the EU's landmark content law enters into full force from Saturday, with the risk of heavy fines for any violations.
	What to know about the EU's landmark digital content law The EU's milestone legislation known as the Digital Services Act demands that digital companies crack down on illegal and problematic content.
	FTC wants to penalize companies for use of AI in impersonation The U.S. Federal Trade Commission moved to put new rules into place around impersonation, citing the rising threat of scams enabled by generative artificial intelligence.
	A battery's hopping ions 'remember' where they've been, researchers find Solid-state batteries store and release charge by nudging ions back and forth between two electrodes. From our usual point of view, the ions flow through the battery's solid electrolyte like a gentle stream.
	The European Union expands digital crackdown on toxic content, dodgy goods to all online platforms The European Union is expanding its strict digital rulebook on Saturday to almost all online platforms in the bloc, in the next phase of its crackdown on toxic social media content and dodgy ecommerce products that began last year by targeting the most popular services.
	EU watchdog urged to reject Meta 'pay for privacy' scheme Civil rights groups on Friday called on an EU watchdog to rule against Facebook owner Meta's scheme to let Europeans pay to opt out of data tracking, which they say violates EU law.
	Cult of the drone: At the two-year mark, UAVs have changed the face of war in Ukraine—but not outcomes Unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones, have been central to the war in Ukraine. Some analysts claim that drones have reshaped war, yielding not just tactical-level effects, but shaping operational and strategic outcomes as well.
	Research espionage is a real threat—but a drastic crackdown could stifle vital international collaboration Australia's research institutions are targets for nefarious actors, from China and elsewhere. The Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO) has publicly tabled an "awareness" of various attempts to compromise the sector.
	Experts call for new economic modeling to meet energy transition ambition The ambition of policymakers navigating the energy transition has surpassed the capacity of economic modeling for the first time, a new keynote paper argues.
	As the world heats up, solar panels will degrade faster—especially in hot, humid areas: What can we do? To reach the goal of 82% renewable energy in Australia's grid by 2030, we'll need to build a lot more solar.
	Q&A: Facebook turns 20—where does it go from here? Deep down, Facebook is not entirely unlike many brilliant, high-potential 20-year-olds. Its appeal is clear. Its performance is generally very strong, if not outstanding. Yet it's still subject to occasional lapses in judgment and bouts of immaturity.
	From game footage to great footage with computer vision and other artificial intelligence tools How much cooler would basketball footage be if software could automatically shine a spotlight on key players? How much easier would it be to understand plays if arrows could indicate movement before the players actually move? How much improvement would be possible if one could see how distance from a basket affects shot trajectory?
	Q&A: What is the best route to fair AI systems? In December, the European Union passed the AI Act, the first major law aiming to regulate technologies that fall under the umbrella of artificial intelligence. The legislation might have arrived sooner, but the sudden success of ChatGPT in late 2022 demanded the act be updated.
	Applying plasma technology for more effective lithium extraction Recent research suggests an improved method for extracting lithium by applying plasma technology. Researchers from the Korea Institute of Fusion Energy (KFE) have successfully increased the lithium extraction rate by three times compared to pre-existing methods by applying CO2 microwave plasma technology.
	RoboTool enables creative tool use in robots If an ingredient is out of reach on a high pantry shelf, it wouldn't take you more than a few seconds to find a step stool, or maybe just a chair, to stand on to bring the ingredient within your reach. This simple solution is the outcome of a complex problem-solving approach researchers call creative tool use.
	Sora is ChatGPT maker OpenAI's new text-to-video generator. Here's what we know about the new tool The maker of ChatGPT is now diving into AI-generated video.
	France, Germany block EU deal on scaled-back app worker law France and Germany on Friday refused to back a watered-down agreement on controversial EU rules covering app workers in the gig economy, European diplomats said.

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