Science X Newsletter Thu, Feb 22

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 22, 2024:

Technology news

	A DVD-sized disk that can store 1 million movies A team of photonic engineers affiliated with several institutions in China has developed a new type of optical DVD that is capable of holding up to a petabyte of data. The group used a new material to coat the DVDs and new laser techniques to write data. The results are published in Nature.
	New structural insights could lead to mechanical enhancement in alloys A new class of metallic materials with potential applications in airplane turbines, nuclear reactors and equipment for space exploration can withstand extreme temperatures and resist fractures, but scientists haven't understood why until now.
	Method identified to double computer processing speeds Imagine doubling the processing power of your smartphone, tablet, personal computer, or server using the existing hardware already in these devices.
	World's first real-time wearable human emotion recognition technology developed A technology that can recognize human emotions in real time has been developed by Professor Jiyun Kim and his research team in the Department of Material Science and Engineering at UNIST. This innovative technology is poised to revolutionize various industries, including next-generation wearable systems that provide services based on emotions.
	Amorphous solar cells with FIDO technology are more efficient, stable and lightweight A group led by researchers at Nagoya University in Japan has created a material based on fullerene indanones (FIDO), which promises to improve the durability of next-generation solar cells. Durability has been one of the biggest hurdles in their practical application and commercialization. The researchers published their findings in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
	Q&A: ChatGPT acts more altruistically, cooperatively than humans Modern artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT, is capable of mimicking human behaviors, but the former has more positive outcomes such as cooperation, altruism, trust and reciprocity.
	Hyundai's Supernal and Embraer-backed Eve Air Mobility see future in electric-powered air taxis As the aviation sector seeks ways to make air travel less polluting and more sustainable, aerospace company Embraer and South Korean automaker Hyundai are among the companies betting on a new form of air travel -– air taxis.
	Apple boosts iMessage security to fend off quantum computing attacks Apple Inc. is upgrading the security of its iMessage app, aiming to fend off a looming future threat: advanced quantum computing attacks.
	How an endangered hawk could topple plans for WA's largest wind farm What began as the largest wind project ever proposed in Washington—the Horse Heaven Hills wind farm—will likely soon be cut to a fraction of the original vision.
	Commentary: Cement is a big part of the carbon problem. How to make it part of the solution In 2014, hundreds of Angelenos gathered downtown to watch more than 2,000 trucks pour concrete into a vast hole. During that event, Los Angeles set a world record: 80 million pounds of concrete were laid down over 18 straight hours to form the foundation for the Wilshire Grand Center, which now towers 73 stories over the city.
	Supreme Court sounds skeptical of cross-state air pollution rule Republican appointees to the Supreme Court criticized the EPA's rule on cross-state air pollution during oral arguments Wednesday, as the justices contemplate whether to block the rule as lower legal challenges play out.
	Americans reporting nationwide cellular outages from AT&T, Cricket Wireless and other providers A number of Americans are dealing with cellular outages on AT&T, Cricket Wireless, Verizon, T-Mobile and other service providers, according to data from Downdetector. AT&T, who was the hardest hit, is actively working to restore service to all of its customers.
	Exploring the use of silicon microresonators for artificial neural networks Researchers have made significant progress in the development of artificial neural networks using tiny silicon devices called microresonators, paving the way for faster and more energy-efficient artificial intelligence systems. These networks mimic the computing capabilities of the human brain, breaking away from traditional digital computer architectures and leveraging the speed, low power dissipation and multi-wavelength capabilities of photonics.
	Thermoelectric technologies can help power a zero-carbon future Thermometers are an under-appreciated marvel of human ingenuity built upon an understanding of relatively simple physical principles. Mercury and alcohol thermometers rely on the volume of liquids growing or shrinking in reaction to temperature change. Contactless infrared thermometers, by contrast, read the thermal radiation emitted by any object, from frying pans to the human body.
	OpenAI's new generative tool Sora could revolutionize marketing and content creation OpenAI's new generative Sora tool has sparked lively technology discussions over the past week, generating both enthusiasm and concern among fans and critics.
	Path to lower emissions demands a smarter grid, say researchers Researchers at the University of Adelaide believe the global investment being made in smart metering infrastructure could fall short of fulfilling promised benefits to customers if key systems issues are not addressed.
	Despite uncertainties, cellulosic biofuels still a win for ground transportation Despite the fervor around electric vehicles and their potential to reduce the transportation sector's carbon footprint, 2023 projections suggest EVs won't edge out gas-powered vehicles for decades to come. With conventional vehicles likely to dominate the ground fleet for the foreseeable future, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign experts say cellulosic biofuels shouldn't be discounted.
	AI-driven method helps improve quality assurance for wind turbines An international collaboration between EPFL and the University of Glasgow has led to an advanced machine-learning algorithm to effectively detect concealed manufacturing defects in wind turbine composite blades—before turbines are put into service.
	Ultra-fast generative visual intelligence model creates images in just 2 seconds ETRI's researchers have unveiled a technology that combines generative AI and visual intelligence to create images from text inputs in just 2 seconds, propelling the field of ultra-fast generative visual intelligence.
	Research team develops parabolic trough solar module for hybrid electricity and heat generation Solar rays focused on concentrator photovoltaic cells using parabolic mirrors not only supply electricity, but also thermal energy for industrial processes, heating or cooling. Three technological innovations significantly reduce costs.
	New electrochemical system enables efficient metal recovery from industrial wastewater A research team at Tsinghua University led by Professor Huijuan Liu has developed a new electrochemical system that promises to revolutionize metal recovery from industrial wastewater. The research was published in Engineering.
	Emergence of machine language: Towards symbolic intelligence with neural networks Led by a team from the Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, a new study explores a novel frontier in machine learning. With the rise of large language models, AI is evolving from perceptual intelligence to cognitive intelligence, and human language has become a pivotal component of visual understanding. This study questions whether machines can spontaneously learn a machine language as a visual representation, without relying on human language.
	ChatGrid: A new generative AI tool for power grid visualization Every minute of every day, grid operators monitor the ebb and flow of electricity from generators to substations to homes, businesses, schools, hospitals and more. They make sure that the supply of electricity matches the current demand and often must make snap decisions if there's a disruption, such as a storm or equipment failure.
	Massive leak shows Chinese firm hacked foreign govts, activists: analysts A Chinese tech security firm was able to breach foreign governments, infiltrate social media accounts and hack personal computers, a massive data leak analysed by experts this week revealed.
	CEOs of OpenAI and Intel cite artificial intelligence's voracious appetite for processing power Two tech CEOs scrambling to produce more of the sophisticated chips needed for artificial intelligence met for a brainstorming session Wednesday while the booming market's early leader reported another quarter of eye-popping growth.
	How AI health care chatbots learn from the questions of an Indian women's organization Komal Vilas Thatkare says she doesn't have anyone to ask about her most private health questions.
	TSMC diversifies out of hotspot Taiwan with new Japan plant Surrounded by fields of carrots and cabbages, workers are putting the finishing touches to a factory opening on Saturday that is a milestone for both US ally Japan and Taiwanese chip giant TSMC.
	Google suspends Gemini AI chatbot's ability to generate pictures of people Google said Thursday it is temporarily stopping its Gemini artificial intelligence chatbot from generating images of people a day after apologizing for "inaccuracies" in historical depictions that it was creating.
	Brash tech lobby drives social media battles to Supreme Court After California passed a law forcing digital platforms to adopt privacy guardrails and safety standards for young users, Carl Szabo had a blunt warning for legislators attending the nation's biggest conference for state policymakers: "The lawsuits are coming."
	Adaptive fusion of structure and attribute-guided polarized communities search The exploration of polarized communities, which consist of two antagonistic subgraphs and include a set of query nodes, is a crucial task in community search on signed networks. Most existing methods either predominantly rely on topological structure while disregarding node attributes or tend to prioritize the global identification of all polarized communities. Thus, they fail to consider two crucial insights.
	AT&T's network is having problems: What you should know while navigating a phone service outage Customers of AT&T, the country's largest wireless provider, reported widespread outages on Thursday.
	How residual materials can become high-performance construction products When it comes to sustainable development, the construction industry faces great challenges. In the ReMatBuilt project, experts from the Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research, Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut, WKI and their partners are proving that the tasks associated with this can be solved with high-performance construction materials made of recycled and waste materials. They presented their solutions to specialist audiences at the Hannover Messe Preview on February 21, 2024.
	Diminishing ether-oxygen content of electrolytes enables temperature-immune lithium metal batteries Oxygen-free n-Hexane (HEX), the most stable solvent against Li-metal, was successfully introduced into the standard concentration electrolyte to constitute an electrolyte for temperature-immune lithium-metal batteries.

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