Science X Newsletter Tue, Feb 6

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 6, 2024:

Technology news

	A deep reinforcement learning approach to enhance autonomous robotic grasping and assembly Semi-autonomous and autonomous robots are being introduced in a growing number of real-world environments, including industrial settings. Industrial robots could speed up the manufacturing of various products by assisting human workers with basic tasks and lightening their workload.
	Research team develops metamaterial to enable real-time shape and property control Inspired by the remarkable adaptability observed in biological organisms like the octopus, a breakthrough has been achieved in the field of soft robotics. A research team, led by Professor Jiyun Kim in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at UNIST has successfully developed an encodable multifunctional material that can dynamically tune its shape and mechanical properties in real time.
	Researchers figure out optimal stiffness-toughness trade-off Using 3D printing, researchers at the U of A and Massachusetts Institute of Technology have developed a novel approach for achieving an optimal combination of stiffness and toughness in microstructured composites.
	Exploring the eating experience of a pneumatically-driven edible robot: Perception, taste, and texture In a landmark study, Associate Professor Yoshihiro Nakata of the University of Electro-Communications, Japan, in collaboration with researchers from Osaka University, conducted research on edible robotics. Published in PLOS ONE, this study is the first to explore the experience of consuming a moving edible robot.
	Chemists decipher reaction process that could improve lithium-sulfur batteries Lithium-sulfur batteries can potentially store five to 10 times more energy than current state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries at much lower cost. Current lithium-ion batteries use cobalt oxide as the cathode, an expensive mineral mined in ways that harm people and the environment. Lithium-sulfur batteries replace cobalt oxide with sulfur, which is abundant and cheap, costing less than one-hundredth the price of cobalt.
	Self-extinguishing batteries could reduce the risk of deadly and costly battery fires In a newly published study in Nature Sustainability, we describe our design for a self-extinguishing rechargeable battery. It replaces the most commonly used electrolyte, which is highly combustible—a medium composed of a lithium salt and an organic solvent—with materials found in a commercial fire extinguisher.
	Research team improves fuel cell durability with fatigue-resistant membranes A novel approach to address environmental challenges is developing and commercializing robust hydrogen fuel cells. These cells contain a polymer electrolyte membrane that serves as a barrier between the electrodes (the conductors that enable the flow of electricity through a substance). This membrane conducts protons but inhibits the movement of electrons, hydrogen molecules, and oxygen molecules.
	Japan game maker Nintendo reports solid profit on a jump in Super Mario sales Nintendo reported healthy sales and profits on the back of the hit "Super Mario Bros. Wonder" game, prompting the Japanese video game maker to raise its full fiscal year forecasts.
	Toyota raises annual net profit forecast as chip shortage eases Japan's Toyota raised its annual net profit forecast to a record high on Tuesday, reporting strong sales in all regions in the first three quarters as the global semiconductor shortage eases.
	Meta wants industry-wide labels for AI-made images Meta on Tuesday said it is working with other tech firms on standards that will let it better detect and label artificial intelligence-generated images shared with its billions of users.
	Ultrafast reservoir production forecasting boasts speed and accuracy Imagine a task that used to take 11 minutes now taking less time than the blink of an eye. Couple that speed increase with 97% accuracy, and these are the results researchers at Texas A&M University achieved when combining machine learning, neural networks and novel compression tactics in a new project advancing reservoir production forecasts.
	Precast pier system for accelerated bridge construction in seismic regions To the untrained eye it may not look like much, but you can see a piece of groundbreaking concrete on Interstate 15 at Exit 80 in Fort Hall thanks to the work of researchers at Idaho State University.
	New study finds 'sweet spot' for length of yarn-shaped supercapacitors As interest in wearable technology has surged, research into creating energy-storage devices that can be woven into textiles has also increased. Researchers at North Carolina State University have now identified a "sweet spot" at which the length of a threadlike energy storage technology called a "yarn-shaped supercapacitor" (YSC) yields the highest and most efficient flow of energy per unit length.
	E-bikes hold huge promise for sustainable transport in rural tourist areas, says researcher I first rode an e-bike after a day out exploring the fells on foot a few years ago. Instead of driving back to my accommodation, I traveled 40km through the Lake District on an e-bike and I was surprised by how easy it was, even after a physically demanding day. Since then, I've been researching the potential for people to shift from cars to e-bikes and recently found that rural areas have the greatest capability to replace car travel and cut carbon emissions.
	Revolutionizing batteries: Coffee grounds power high-performance sodium-ion anodes In a study published in the journal Carbon Resources Conversion, a team of researchers from Kazakhstan and South Korea reported the successful synthesis of P-doped hard carbon using coffee grounds as a precursor and H3PO4 as the doping agent.
	Illustrating the relationship between pedestrian movement and urban characteristics using large-scale GPS data Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a widely endorsed strategy for sustainable urban planning that encourages walking and transit ridership. In the context of TOD, assessing pedestrian behavior is crucial; for instance, walking behavior around railway stations is commonly quantified using pedestrian volumes. However, areas with similar pedestrian volumes may exhibit variations in walking distances and time spent around stations, necessitating a more comprehensive assessment approach.
	EU strikes deal on clean tech to compete with China, US EU states and lawmakers clinched a deal on Tuesday to expand Europe's clean tech production, from solar and wind to carbon capture, as the bloc faces off with China and the United States.
	Where are the new AI jobs? Just ask AI Together, D.C., Virginia and Maryland lead the nation in the percentage of job postings requiring artificial intelligence (AI) skills, and overall, the D.C. region is the second-biggest hub of new AI jobs, according to a new mapping project led by University of Maryland researchers.
	Companies can become more creative by adapting their strategy to include AI and generative AI New research published in the British Journal of Management, led by a Royal Holloway academic, suggests that organizations who are willing to adapt their strategy and adopt new AI solutions will see higher levels of creativity.
	The head of FAA pledges to hold Boeing accountable for any violations of safety rules The new chief of the Federal Aviation Administration says the agency will use more people to monitor aircraft manufacturing and hold Boeing accountable for any violations of safety regulations.
	Taiwan chip giant TSMC announces second Japan plant TSMC will build a second foundry in Japan, the semiconductor giant and its local partners announced Tuesday, weeks before its first in the country officially opens.
	Toyota to invest $1.3B at Georgetown, Kentucky, factory to build battery packs and new electric SUV Toyota says it will invest $1.3 billion at its huge factory complex in Georgetown, Kentucky, in part so it can build an all-new three-row electric SUV to be sold in the U.S.
	NTSB says bolts on Boeing jetliner were missing before a panel blew out in midflight last month Bolts that helped secure a panel to the frame of a Boeing 737 Max 9 were missing before the panel blew off the Alaska Airlines plane last month, according to accident investigators.
	New position paper on transparent life cycle assessment of plastics recycling Life cycle assessments are often used as a basis for decision-making when selecting environmentally friendly processes, input materials or services for plastics recycling. But what does a comparable and transparent ecological assessment that meets different requirements look like?
	Heating Quebec's schools can be easier and cheaper thanks to a new study A new system to heat Quebec schools during cold winter months could help keep students more comfortable, improve the amount of solar-heated clean ventilation, and save school boards a bundle.
	Postal Service, once chided for slow adoption of EVs, announces plan to cut greenhouse gas emissions The U.S. Postal Service announced sweeping plans Tuesday to reduce greenhouse emissions by diverting more parcels from air to ground transportation, boosting the number of electric vehicles, cutting waste sent to landfills and making delivery routes more efficient.

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