Science X Newsletter Mon, Feb 26

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 26, 2024:

Technology news

	Human-like real-time sketching by a humanoid robot The rapid advancement of deep learning algorithms and generative models has enabled the automated production of increasingly striking AI-generated artistic content. Most of this AI-generated art, however, is created by algorithms and computational models, rather than by physical robots.
	What will it take for China to reach carbon neutrality by 2060? To become carbon neutral by 2060, as mandated by President Xi Jinping, China will have to build eight to 10 times more wind and solar power installations than currently exist in the country. Reaching carbon neutrality will also require major construction of transmission lines.
	3D printed titanium structure shows supernatural strength A 3D printed 'metamaterial' boasting levels of strength for weight not normally seen in nature or manufacturing could change how we make everything from medical implants to aircraft or rocket parts.
	Researchers set new world record for CIGS solar cells Uppsala University is the new world record holder for electrical energy generation from copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells. The new world record is 23.64% efficiency. The measurement was made by an independent institute, and the results are published in Nature Energy.
	Pore evolution secrets revealed: New study unlocks additive manufacturing potential A collaboration between Queen Mary University of London, University College London (UCL), Rolls-Royce, and a team of international researchers has unlocked the secrets of pore evolution in directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing. Their findings, published in Nature Communications, pave the way for safer and more efficient production of high-value components across diverse industries.
	AI accelerates process design for 3D printing metal alloys In order to successfully 3D-print a metal part to the exacting specifications that many in industry demand, process parameters—including printing speed, laser power, and layer thickness of the deposited material—must all be optimized.
	Novel material increases efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells In an article published in the Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Brazilian researchers describe a strategy to enhance the efficiency and stability of solar cells made of perovskite, a semiconductor material produced in the laboratory. The results of the project could be highly positive for the future of the solar power sector.
	This week's cellphone outage makes it clear: In the United States, landlines are languishing When her cellphone's service went down this week because of an AT&T network outage, Bernice Hudson didn't panic. She just called the people she wanted to talk to the old-fashioned way—on her landline telephone, the kind she grew up with and refuses to get rid of even though she has a mobile phone.
	Developers say proposed wind farm project could help power Anchorage, reducing strain on gas Developers of a huge wind farm proposed for construction near Anchorage say it could help provide a much-needed boost to the area's energy needs, and will be most productive when it's most needed, when temperatures drop and demand for energy soars.
	So you've been scammed by a deepfake. What can you do? Earlier this month, a Hong Kong company lost HK$200 million (A$40 million) in a deepfake scam. An employee transferred funds following a video conference call with scammers who looked and sounded like senior company officials.
	'Swarm of one' robot is a single machine made up of independent modules My colleagues and I have built a robot composed of many building blocks like the cells of a multicellular organism. Without a "brain" or a central controller in the system, our robot, dubbed Loopy, relies on the collective behavior of all of its cells to interact with the world.
	What happens when we outsource boring but important work to AI? Research shows we forget how to do it ourselves In 2009, an Air France jet crashed into the ocean, leaving no survivors. The plane's autopilot system shut down and the pilots, having become reliant on their computerized assistant, were unable to correct the situation manually.
	Audio explainable artificial intelligence: Demystifying 'black box' models AI decision-making is now common in self-driving cars, patient diagnosis and legal consultation, and it needs to be safe and trustworthy. Researchers have been trying to demystify complex AI models by developing interpretable and transparent models, collectively known as explainable AI methods or explainable AI (XAI) methods. A research team offered their insight specifically into audio XAI models in a review article published in Intelligent Computing.
	Here's how sports brands can appeal to fans in the metaverse Virtual, immersive fan experiences in the metaverse are taking professional sports to a whole new level.
	Mail and parcel deliveries in cities go green A new generation of commercial electric vehicles is emerging to reduce air pollution and congestion in urban areas.
	Corporate race to use AI puts public at risk, study finds A rush by Australian companies to use generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is escalating the privacy and security risks to the public as well as to staff, customers and stakeholders, according to a new study.
	Anything-in anything-out: A new modular AI model Researchers at EPFL have developed a new, uniquely modular machine learning model for flexible decision-making. It is able to input any mode of text, video, image, sound, and time-series and then output any number, or combination, of predictions.
	A novel method for easy and quick fabrication of biomimetic robots with life-like movement Biomimetic robots, which mimic the movements and biological functions of living organisms, are a fascinating area of research that can not only lead to more efficient robots but also serve as a platform for understanding muscle biology.
	Virtual dissection fleshes out instruction in animal science anatomy lab In a recent class session devoted to reviewing the components of a monogastric digestive system, Alexandra Else-Keller reminded an animal science student how to position her fingers as they examined how the colon, stomach, and gallbladder nestle together.
	Turning waste into wealth: Synergistic recovery of metal from copper slag Copper smelting is a major source of copper production, generating significant amounts of slag. In 2022, China produced over 11,000 kilotons of refined copper, leading to 2.2 to 3 tons of slag per ton of copper produced. This slag contains valuable metals like copper (0.5%–6%), lead (0.2%–0.6%), and zinc (1%–5.5%), which are often not recovered, resulting in resource waste and environmental hazards from leaked toxic ions.
	Businesses can benefit from social robots if trust is established, finds study While the rise of artificial intelligence is proving to be a contentious issue, new research from Edith Cowan University (ECU) has found that the use of social robots in a commercial setting would likely be met with less resistance.
	An early detection system for preventing buried pipeline damage The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science has developed a damage prevention and early detection system for buried pipelines, preventing pipeline failures caused by third-party interference (TPI) and other threats.
	Affective computing: Connecting computing with human emotions for empathetic AI Imagine a world where your smartphone can detect your mood just by the way you type a message or the tone of your voice. Picture a car that adjusts its music playlist based on your stress levels during rush hour traffic. These scenarios are not just futuristic fantasies.
	'Fake love' crypto scammers ensnare US victims The "wine trader" wooed her online for months with his flirtatious smile and emoji-sprinkled texts. Then he went for the kill, defrauding the Philadelphia-based tech professional out of $450,000 in a cryptocurrency romance scam.
	Tyler Perry, fearful of AI advances, halts $800 million Atlanta film studio expansion Tyler Perry has put the kibosh on a planned $800 million expansion at his 330-acre studio in Atlanta over fears that rapid advances in video-related artificial intelligence could reduce demand for traditional film-making.
	Smartphone makers bet on AI to boost sales Smartphone makers are packing their latest devices with flashy new artificial intelligence tools such as real-time voice translation and advanced photo editing in efforts to reignite consumer demand.
	US top court hears challenges to social media laws In a case that could determine the future of social media, the US Supreme Court was asked on Monday to decide whether a pair of state laws that limit content moderation are constitutional.
	Microsoft partners with French AI 'trailblazer' Microsoft said Monday it had partnered with French startup Mistral AI, as the software giant seeks to tighten its grip on the emerging technology.
	HTC boss welcomes Apple VR competition The boss of consumer electronics firm HTC on Monday welcomed Apple's launch of its own a mixed reality headset, saying it will help the technology take off and become mainstream.
	China's BYD lands auto shipment in car powerhouse Germany Thousands of cars from China's BYD rolled off a ship in the German port of Bremerhaven on Monday, as the world's biggest electric carmaker brought its challenge directly to Europe's auto making powerhouse.
	Alignment efficient image-sentence retrieval considering transferable cross-modal representation learning Image-sentence retrieval task aims to search images for given sentences and retrieve sentences from image queries. The current retrieval methods are all supervised methods that require a large number of annotations for training. However, considering the labor cost, it is difficult to re-align large amounts of multimodal data in many applications (e.g., medical retrieval), which results in unsupervised multimodal data.
	Electrification of society is putting major demands on supply security, say researchers Power cuts can be caused by heavy snow and icing, as well as lightning strikes and strong winds bringing down power lines. Together with more extreme weather events, Norway is also facing a major power supply deficit. So what can we do to avoid a total electricity crisis?
	US can house 'entire' supply chain for advanced chips: Commerce Dept US Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo expressed confidence Monday that the country can house the entire silicon supply chain for making advanced chips, including tech that is key for artificial intelligence.

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