Science X Newsletter Thu, Feb 1

Dear manoj dole,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 1, 2024:

Technology news

	A fully autonomous drone system for cinematography and wildlife monitoring Recent technological advances, such as increasingly sophisticated drones and cameras, have opened exciting new possibilities for cinematography. Most notably, film directors can now shoot scenes from a wide range of angles that were previously inaccessible and in far higher resolution.
	New research shows how child-like language learning is possible using AI tools AI systems, such as GPT-4, can now learn and use human language, but they learn from astronomical amounts of language input—much more than children receive when learning how to understand and speak a language. The best AI systems train on text with a word count in the trillions, whereas children receive just millions per year.
	Researchers develop highly efficient heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigerator Researchers have developed an innovative heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigerator (HDTR) with a novel bypass configuration that significantly improves the efficiency of this technology.
	Photonics-based wireless link breaks speed records for data transmission From coffee shop customers who connect their laptops to the local Wi-Fi network to remote weather monitoring stations in the Antarctic, wireless communication is an essential part of modern life. Researchers worldwide are currently working on the next evolution of communication networks, called "beyond 5G" or 6G networks.
	Engineers fashion strands of conductive fiber that can be woven into clothes A team of engineers affiliated with a host of institutions in China and two in Singapore has developed a type of conductive fiber that can be woven into clothes to give them smart device capabilities. The study is published in Nature. Xiaoting Jia and Alex Parrott from Virginia Tech have published a News & Views piece in the same journal issue, outlining the work by the team on this new effort.
	Scientists develop 3D-printed pneumatic modules that control the movements of soft robots using air pressure In the future, soft robots will be able to perform tasks that cannot be done by conventional robots. These soft robots could be used in terrain that is difficult to access and in environments where they are exposed to chemicals or radiation that would harm electronically controlled robots made of metal. This requires such soft robots to be controllable without any electronics, which is still a challenge in development.
	How wood is making a comeback in construction We've been using wood to build things for a very long time. According to the recently discovered remains of a half-a-million-year-old wooden structure in Africa, we've been building with wood before we were even fully human. From those early beginnings to the stave churches of Scandinavia to Lincoln's log cabin, wood as a construction material has been favored for its abundance, its workability and its beauty.
	Team designs robots to help with human habitation in space In the coming decades, NASA plans to send human crews back to the moon, build a space station in lunar orbit, establish a permanent base on the lunar surface, and—hopefully—send astronauts to Mars.
	Researchers take new 'mixed reality' headsets for a spin Among the buzziest consumer technologies right now are "mixed reality" or "spatial computing" headsets that convincingly blend views of the real world with digital content.
	Researchers develop algorithm that crunches eye-movement data of screen users Window to the soul? Maybe, but the eyes are also a flashing neon sign for a new artificial intelligence-based system that can read them to predict what you'll do next.
	Facebook, the social network old-timer, turns 20 Founded 20 years ago as a simple hangout spot for young people, Facebook has since become a battle-hardened behemoth that—despite perceptions of being for boomers and parents—continues growing and growing.
	Is a device tracking you without your consent? Florida bill would make that a felony Stalking victims would be armed with stronger protections if proposed changes to a Florida law outlawing unauthorized use of wireless tracking devices are enacted.
	Seattle bans throwing away batteries in garbage, citing fire risk Seattle Public Utilities has banned all batteries and some electronics from being disposed of in the garbage due to fire risk.
	2D single-crystalline LiCoO₂ nanosheets developed for high-performance battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices A team led by Prof. Wu Zhongshuai has developed novel 2D atomically thin (001)-oriented single-crystalline LiCoO2 nanosheets with longer Li+ intercalation distance and (001) planes dominated surface for high-performance battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices. This study was published in ACS Energy Letters.
	New approach helps to improve classification accuracy of remote sensing image Land use/land cover (LULC) is a major shaper of the ecological environment. Using remote sensing technology to dynamically monitor LULC and quantitatively extract LULC change information is an important study for coping with global climate change and maintaining the energy balance of the Earth system.
	Trading between households in smart energy communities Our energy systems are undergoing rapid change. Many households are generating electricity with solar panels, and there are new sources of demand and storage, such as charging electric vehicles and home batteries. Local prosumers (energy consumers who also generate and store energy) are taking control of their own energy supply. This development is prompting the creation of energy communities and micro-grids, such as the SchoonSchip community in the north of Amsterdam.
	New material developed for better supercapacitor applications Supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors or electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), are advanced energy storage devices with unique characteristics. Unlike traditional batteries, supercapacitors store energy through the electrostatic separation of charges at the interface between an electrolyte and a high-surface-area electrode. This mechanism allows for rapid energy storage and release, enabling supercapacitors to deliver high power bursts and exhibit exceptional cycle life.
	Survey finds the farther away wind turbines are, the better they are accepted A recent study based on a public participation survey shows that a long distance to wind farms increases positive attitudes towards them and wind power. Existing wind turbines are considered more acceptable than those under planning. Wind turbines are more acceptable close to a regular home than a vacation home which may present challenges in siting wind turbines especially in areas with more vacation homes.
	How will the global market for graphene develop in the coming years and what are possible applications? Since 2004, graphene has sparked enormous expectations in terms of technological application opportunity and potential economic value. In this context, a new publication in the journal 2D Materials by researchers of Fraunhofer ISI provides insights into the projected development of the emerging graphene market, specific segments and possible applications.
	A theoretical model for reliability assessment of machine learning systems For a machine learning system comprising multiple machine learning models and input data, researchers at University of Tsukuba developed a theoretical model for evaluating the effect of diversity in machine learning models and input data used in a machine learning system on the reliability of its output.
	Computer scientists run a password update campaign efficiently and with minimal IT costs Updating passwords for all users of a company or institution's internal computer systems is stressful and disruptive to both users and IT professionals. Many studies have looked at user struggles and password best practices. But very little research has been done to determine how a password update campaign can be conducted most efficiently and with minimal IT costs. Until now.
	Developing a radar network for safe flight operations at vertiports For the first time, visitors at the 2024 Olympic Games will be able to fly to venues using air taxis. Vertical takeoff aircraft such as drones, multirotors and air taxis will take off from and land on pads known as vertiports.
	Researchers test human vs AI-human hybrid teams in dynamic design challenge With 70% of U.S. companies expected to adopt AI by 2030, organizations need to understand and address the key challenges of employee-AI interaction. To shine light on the future of AI in the workplace, Chris McComb and Jon Cagan put human and AI-human "hybrid" teams to the test. In a head-to-head matchup, researchers studied which team could better design a fleet of delivery drones under dynamic design constraints.
	Using pulp and paper waste to scrub carbon from emissions Researchers at McGill University have come up with an innovative approach to improve the energy efficiency of carbon conversion, using waste material from pulp and paper production. The technique they've pioneered using the Canadian Light Source at the University of Saskatchewan not only reduces the energy required to convert carbon into useful products, but also reduces overall waste in the environment.
	Meta posts sharp profit, revenue increase in Q4 thanks to cost cuts and advertising rebound Meta Platforms Inc. tripled its profit and posted sharply higher revenue in the final quarter of 2023, boosted by a rebound in digital advertising as well cost cutting and layoffs in what CEO Mark Zuckerberg called the "year of efficiency."
	Amazon reports better-than-expected revenue, profits for the holiday shopping season Amazon on Thursday reported better-than-expected revenue and profits for the fourth quarter, driven by strong consumer spending during the holiday shopping season.
	Autopen shows perils of automation in communications Long before people worried about the effects of ChatGPT on personal communication and social norms, there was the autopen and its precursors—automatic signature machines—that some feared would be misused to forge signatures and sign war declarations and other bills.
	Digital watermarks combined with AI will speed up copyright infringement cases, study says Digital watermarks combined with AI will speed up the resolution of legal cases about copyright infringements, a new study says.
	FIA-commissioned report takes aim at social media companies for not curbing online abuse in sports An FIA-commissioned report on online abuse in sports released Thursday suggests social media companies should do more to curb targeted attacks toward athletes, officials and even fans.
	Songs by Taylor Swift, Drake and more are starting to disappear from TikTok. Here's why TikTok may look (or sound) a little different when you scroll through the app going forward.
	Albania's Institute of Statistics suffers cyberattack, some systems affected Albania's Institute of Statistics reported Thursday it has suffered a cyberattack which affected some of its systems.
	Taylor Swift deepfakes: New technologies have long been weaponized against women. The solution involves everyone Sexually graphic "deepfake" images of Taylor Swift went viral on social media last week, fueling widespread condemnation from Swifties, the general public and even the White House.
	The Facebook users redefining the 20-year-old social network From California to Southeast Asia, Facebook is capturing a new generation of users who see it as a commercial tool rather than a fun networking platform.

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